Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
media representations of ethnicity and gender - Coggle Diagram
media representations of ethnicity and gender
ethnicity
(traditional)
Van Dijk (1991)
completed a content analysis of news reports over a 10 year period
found they highlighted stereotypes of black people in the media
criminal - link w/ Hall and 'black mugger'
abnormal
threat - immigrants stealing jobs and wasting welfare resources
dependent - celebrities on charity episodes about poverty
unimportant - devote less attention to crimes against em
threat
immigrants are seen as a threat to Britain , stealing jobs and wasting
welfare benefits
since 9/11 Muslims are seen as a threat to society with a moral panic created around terrorism
Moor et al (2008) found that over 1/3 of news stories involving Muslims were related to terroris, v little about muslims as victims of crime
criminal
7/10 news stories on black males are related to violent crime involving gangs or knives
Wayne et al (2007) 50% of news stories containing black people were related to violent crime
Hall et al. (1978) 'black mugger' example of a folk devil that creates a moral panic
unimportant
Van Dijk (1991) suggested that white lives are more important than black lives
less media attention is devoted to crimes against ethnic minorities
Shah (2008) 'tokenism' of casting ethnic minority characters for the sake of not looking racist - don't actually care whether the character is fit for the role or not
ethnicity
(changing)
more representation, positive role models
Malik (2002) ethnic minority communities are declining to watch mainstream TV, there are satellite networks specifically designed for minority ethnic audiences
Chris Barker (1999) - content analysis of eastenders
black and Asian characters have more significant roles
these roles are still based off of stereotypes
Bettie et al - more ethnic minority representation in children's tv shows
female
(traditional)
underrepresentation
:
Tuchman (1978) - narrow range of roles lead to the 'symbolic annihilation' of women (absent in the media)
women make up 37% of news reporters
30% of main characters on CBeebies were female - British Fawcett Society
housewife
Ferguson (1983) - study of female magazines - handbook on how to be a good wife 'him, home and looking good for him' - lead to a cult of femininity where women are encouraged to judge themselves in terms of being a good wife
Angela McRobbie (1982) - study of Jackie Magazines,
beauty standards
Wolf (1990) - 'beauty myth' media presents a particular body shape as ideal (typically unattainable)
Orbach (1991) - these media images have links with eating disorders
Laura Mulvey (1975) - 'male gave' where camera angles are specifically used for male pleasure
male
(traditional)
female
(changing)
Gauntlett (2008)
Westwood (1999)
male
(changing)