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Pulmonary Disorders - Coggle Diagram
Pulmonary Disorders
Chronic Hypoxia
Mild hypoxemia causes few symptoms: PO2 levels as low as 70 mm Hg have hemoglobin saturation of almost 90%
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Restlessness, uncoordinated movement, impaired judgment
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Pulmonary Assessment
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Drug use (marijuana, cocaine)
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Chronic Hypercapnia
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Chronic hypercapnia:
- Headache, drowsiness, intellectual impairment
- Elevated CO2 no longer serves as primary stimulus for ventilation
- Stimulus for breathing shifts to the chemoreceptors in carotids and aorta
- Low oxygen drives ventilation (hypoxic drive)
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If hypercapnia prolonged, central chemoreceptors become insensitive to CO levels
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Asthma
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Different etiologies, multifactorial genetics: Allergies, viral infections, exercise-induced
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Bronchoconstriction, bronchial edema, viscous mucus, thickened bronchial basement membrane
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Hypoxia and Hypercapnia
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Hypoxia and hypercapnia may occur together: Lungs can not exchange adequate oxygen or carbon dioxide
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