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Birth Control - Coggle Diagram

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      - “SRH services remain grossly inadequate, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) [2]. This inadequacy is congruent with high rates of maternal mortality and morbidity, infant and child mortality, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, unwanted pregnancies particularly among adolescents, and unsafe and illegal termination of pregnancy” (Jonas 7).
      - “healthcare workers’ negative behaviours discourage women from seeking antenatal care, and young people from attending clinics or follow-up visits” (Jonas 11).
      - “The more knowledgeable the healthcare worker is the better is his/her behaviour. Positive behaviours and attitudes are highly likely to influence women and adolescents’ utilization of SRH services for their needs” (Jonas 58).
- - - - This source connects to Crystal Raypole's, “The History of Birth Control: Early Methods, Legal Issues, & More" in several different ways. First, both texts provide a sort of timeline of birth control over the years and certain eras in society. Secondly, these connect in focusing on some of the legal factors that went/go into birth control methods and women's healthcare.
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      - “ in 1909, the first intrauterine device was introduced, but it was still in the developmental stage and wasn't yet offered to women” (Fogarty 1).
      - “After World War I ended, the spread of venereal disease caused alarm, spurring decisions like one made in a New York appeals court in 1918 that decided birth control was an effective medical device to ward off disease” (Fogarty 2).
      - “The first pill contained 4 times the estrogen and 10 times the progestin of modern-day oral contraceptives, and many women experienced side effects like bleeding, nausea, and weight gain. Additional research revealed the pill could be linked to more serious problems like blood clots, heart disease, and stroke” (Fogarty 7).
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        “Every woman has the right to know how her cycles function in order to understand the way her body works” (Marie 1).
      - “If you are someone that does well with routines and consistency, you will have no problems. If you are someone that has issues with these things, you may run into some issues with complacency or just forgetting to check and chart as you should” (Marie 3).
      - “Natural Family Planning empowers you as a woman and gives you knowledge of your body and your fertility. You will know when you ovulate, you will be able to make an informed decision month to month about achieving or preventing a pregnancy” (Marie 2).
- - - - Use of Text:
        I will use this source and quotes within it to discuss how the government has a large say in women’s healthcare. Whether that is education, accessibility, or transparency with these topics. I will also make the statement that it is important to look at the physicians themselves that are helping women make these important decisions. Likewise, looking at the thoughts of physicians towards natural family planning is just as important as other contraceptive methods.
        
        Quotes:
        
        “Bush Administration's decision to shift funding away from family-planning programs to abstinence-only education7 or criticism of health insurance providers that provide reimbursements for sildenafil but not for contraceptives” (Lawrence 5).
        
        “Although contraception has both advocates and opponents, there has been relatively little study of physicians' beliefs about contraception, an important topic because most contraceptive methods must be obtained from a physician” (Lawrence 5).
        
        “That study also reported that clinicians' views softened as they gained knowledge about and familiarity with the method, such that the percentage recommending against “fertility awareness based methods” decreased from 25% to 2%” (Lawrence 11).
- - - - Use of Text:
        I plan to use this text to support my points that women are not being educated on all of the methods of birth control. By participants in the study and those who are currently using the NFP methods, the benefits to the plan should be shared. All methods should be thoroughly explained and decided upon.
        
        The source by Brittney Marie titled “Pros and Cons of Natural Family Planning (the Creighton Model).” connects heavily to this source because of the focus on perspectives of women and families that have done or are currently using the natural family planning methods for contraception. In addition, both sources provide a section about pros and cons of this method and a perspective of someone who has experienced it.
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      - “Large majorities of both men (74%) and women (65%) stated NFP had helped to improve their relationship or it had made little difference (17% of men and 26% of women)” (Unseld 9).
      - “Ninety-five percent of women and 55% of men said using NFP has helped them to know their body better” (Unseld 2).
      - “Most women (53%) and men (63%) felt using NFP improved their sex life” (Unseld 2).
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      - “only one-half of physicians would provide information about NFP to patients who wish to prevent pregnancy” (Duane 1).
        
        “Our survey of 120 family medicine residency programs found that more than one-half of women’s health faculty members were not familiar with modern methods of NFP, and 25% of these programs do not include NFP in the women’s health curriculum” (Duane 1).
      - “Choosing a family planning method is an important decision. We can best serve our patients who are interested in NFP by becoming more familiar with the evolving body of literature and guiding appropriately selected, interested patients toward resources that facilitate effective use” (Duane 5).
      - Use of Text:
        I will use this text to prove that physicians are not being educated on all of the methods of birth control, and have biases that affect their recommendations to patients. Secondly, I will use this source to back-up the fact that educating women about all of the options is very important and not effectively done in the American healthcare system.
      - This source connects “Obstetrician-Gynecologists' Views on Contraception and Natural Family Planning: A National Survey.” because of its heavy focus physicians in the role of women's heath care. Both sources speak on the influences of others regarding the decisions that women make about birth control and other women's healthcare options.
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        “Many Indigenous Americans also had enough awareness of their own fertility cycles that they could often tell, based on the appearance of vaginal discharge, when they were most and least likely to become pregnant” (Raypole 2).
        
        “In 1965, the landmark case Griswold v. Connecticut recognized a married couple’s right to privacy. Consequently, state laws banning contraceptive use by married couples became unconstitutional” (Raypole 3).
        
        “As recently as 2020, a nurse at an ICE detention center reported that several women detained there had received hysterectomies and other medically unnecessary procedures. Not only were they misled or misinformed about the type of surgery that they were having, but many were also told that, if they didn’t agree to the procedure, they wouldn’t receive medical care in the future” (Raypole 4).
        
        Use of Text:
        I will be using this text in my research paper to provide examples for many of my claims. First, the fact that natural family planning has been around for a very long time and is the safest/most natural form of birth control. Next, I will be able to back up my statement that physicians do not always know or do the right thing when it comes to the well-being of the patient.
- - - - Use of Text:
        I will use this documentary to provide a real world example of how others can negatively impact women’s thoughts and opinions towards birth control and other forms of women’s healthcare options. In addition, I would like to use this source to point out the legal factors of birth control and history of it’s legacy throughout the years.
        
        “It is really difficult when you are being offered this sort of one-stop solution, which is not really a solution, but it is taking care of everything in the short term.” (Epstein 33:55)
        
        “This is a medication that very, very young girls are placed on… without their consent and without good reason.” (Epstein 27:51)
        
        “Whatever you are putting into your body, it needs to be researched, and you need to advocate for yourself.” (Epstein 16:41)
        
        Quotes: