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Concept Map Immune System Jazmine Rosales per 3 - Coggle Diagram
Concept Map Immune System Jazmine Rosales per 3
Major functions of the Lymphatic & Immune systems
protecting your body from illness-causing invaders
maintaining body fluid levels
Lymphatic pathways turn to lymphatic capillaries which then turns to larger vessels
lymphatic vessels are thinner than veins but have the same three layers + valves
Muscular activity moves lymph through lymphatic vessels
Location of Lymphatic organs and their functions
throat, armpits, chest, abdomen and groins
Unencapsulated lymphatic tissue associated with digestive system
mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) -in respiratory, urinary, and reproductive systems
Lymph node and spleen; filter out pathogens and maintain the population of mature lymphocytes
Edema is a accumulation of lymph in the interstitial spaces because of the interference with the flow in lymph
Purpose and examples of First, Second and Third line of defense
First Line of defense; Mechanical barriers (skin and mucous membranes
Second line of defense; the chemical barriers, natural killer cells,inflammation, phagocytosis, fever
Third line of defense; Cellular and humoral immune response
examples: skin, mucus, cilia,bacteria and white blood cells (neutrophils)
examples; the immune system ( cells, tissues, organs)
example; b and t cells
Innate(natural) immune defenses and Adaptive(acquired) immune defenses
The innate immune response is activated by chemical properties of an antigen
Adaptive immunity refers to antigen-specific immune responses
Innate (nonspecific) defenses: Guard against different pathogens
Include species resistance, mechanical barriers, chemical barriers, natural killer
cells, inflammation, phagocytosis, and fever
Humoral response and cellular response
humoral immune response; when antibodies travel through the body fluids to attack and destroy antigens
B cells differentiate into plasma cells these produce antibodies
b cells turn to b memory cells
Cellular response ; response through cell-to-cell contact
T cells secrete cytokines
Some T cells secrete toxins
Antigens and antibodies
-Antigens trigger an immune
response
“nonself” molecules- large and complex foreign molecules
ex: proteins, food and chemicals
5 types of antibodies- gG, IgA, IgM, IgE, IgD
Direct attack- neutralization of
antigens
Antibody dependent- a transfusion reaction to mismatched blood
autoantibodies manufactured immune system
Artificial vs. Naturally acquired immunity
Naturally acquired immunity- occurs after exposure to the
antigen
long-term resistance results because of immune response
memory B cells are produced
Artificial acquired immunity- person develops long-term immunity because vaccines have weakened pathogens
immune response that includes memory B cell formation
Stimulation of an immune response
with symptoms of a disease
Passive vs. Active immunity
Passive immunity; immunity that comes from usually genes
Active immunity; develops after being exposed to an infection or disease
active natural- antibodies made after exposure to an infection
active artificial- antibodies made after getting a vaccine
passive natural- antibodies transmitted from mother to baby
passive artificial- antibodies acquired from immune serum medicine
Cells involved in the immune system and their functions
Macrophage- phagocytosis/ antigen presenting t cell
Neutrophil- phagocytosis/ degranulation discharge of a cell
Eosinophil- release of enzymes & cytokines
Basophil- releases hystomine & cytokines
Mast cell- releases hystomine, enzymes & cytokines
Lymphocytes- t helper cells and immune response mediators
Monocyte- turn into macrophages and dendritic cells in immune response
Natural Killer cell- destruction of infected cells
Disorders associated with the Immune system
chicken pox; contagious disease
Toxoplasmosis- caused by single celled parasite
Rubella- contagious disease by virus
Meningitis- bacterial or viral infection
Measles- viral respiratory illness
Haemophilus Influenzae type b - serious illness caused by bacteria
Pinworm infection- small worm in body
Malaria- disease transmitted by plasmodium parasite
Tuberculosis- disease caused by germs in a person to person contact