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Diego Delgado P.3 Lymphatic/Immune System - Coggle Diagram
Diego Delgado P.3 Lymphatic/Immune System
Cells in the Immune System and Their Functions
Mast Cell: Involved in wound healing and defense against pathogens but can also be responsible for allergic reactions
Macrophage: Kills tumor cells and virus-infected cells
Dendritic Cell: Presents antigens on its surface, thereby triggering adaptive immunity
Monocyte: Differentiates into macrophages and dendritic cells in response to inflammation
Neutrophil: First responders; releases toxins that kill or inhibit bacteria and fungi and recruits other immune cells to the site of infection
Basophil: Responsible for defense against parasites. Releases histamines responsible for allergic reactions
Eosinophil: Releases toxins that kill bacteria and parasites but can also cause tissue damage
Major Functions of Lymphatic/Immune System
Lymphatic System
Keeps body fluid levels in balance and defends the body against infections.
Drain watery fluid called lymph from the body
Nutrient absorption
Immune System
Fight disease-causing germs (pathogens) like bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi, and to remove them from the body.
To recognize and neutralize harmful substances from the environment
To fight disease-causing changes in the body, such as cancer cells.
Prevent disease
Innate Immune Defenses and Acquired Immune Defenses
Innate
Cough Reflex
Enzymes in tears and skin oils
Mucus
Skin
Stomach Acid
Acquired
Vaccines
against specific pathogens
B lymphocytes
Antibodies
T lymphocytes
Antigens and Antibodies
Antigen: foreign substance that enters your body; bacteria, viruses, fungi, allergens, venom and other toxins
Antibody: a protein produced by your immune system to attack and fight off antigens
Disorders Associated with the Immune System
Pinworm Infection: causes itching around the anal area and can lead to difficulty sleeping
Tetanus: causes painful muscle contractions
Malaria: parasites that feed off of humans
Rubella: disease caused by the ruV disease; headache, low grade fever
Cholera: acute dirrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine
Smallpox: serious infectious disease caused by the variula virus
Meningitis: inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
Toxoplasmosis: infection with a parasite called toxoplasma gondii
Polimyelitis: a disabling and life-threatening disease caused by the poliovirus
Measles: type of fever as warm as 105F
Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: contagious viral infection common in young children
Passive vs Active Immunity
Passive: Immunity you acquire from someone or something else
Active: Immunity you develop after being exposed to an infection or from getting a vaccine
Purpose/Example of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Lines of Defense
1st: Barrier to prevent infection; skin, tears, saliva
2nd: General response to infection; phagocytic cells ingesting and destroying all microbes that pass into body tissues.
3rd: Immunity against specific pathogens; lymphatic system filtering pathogens from lymph and and produces lymphocytes.
Humoral Response and Cellular Response
Humoral: produces antigen specific antibodies, antibody mediated
Cellular: Occurs inside infected cells and is mediated by T-lymphocytes
Locations and Functions of Lymphatic Organs
Throat, armpits, chest, abdomen, and groin.
Imbedded in fatty tissue and lie close to veins/arteries
Lymph nodes associated with bodily defense
Maintain population of lymphocytes
Artificial vs Naturally Acquired Immunity
Artificial Immunity: manufactured antibodies via external delivery; blood transfusion, vaccine
Natural: your body building immunity; through infection, some cases breastfeeding