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13.1 - Coggle Diagram
13.1
ICMPv6 messages (Cont.)
RA messages can include addressing information for the host such as the prefix, prefix length, DNS address and domain name
a host using Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC) will set its default gateway to the link-local address of the router that sent the RA
RA messages are sent by IPv6-enabled routers every 200 seconds to provide addressing information to IPv6-enabled hosts
to check the uniqueness of an address the device will send an NS message with its own IPv6 address as the targeted IPv6 address
if another device on the network has this address, it will respond with an NA message notifying to the sending device that the address is already in use
to determine the MAC address for the destination, the device will send an NS message to the solicited node addess
a device assigned a global IPv6 unicast or link-local unicast address, may perform duplicate address destination (DAD) to ensure that the IPv6 address is unique
the message will include the known IPv6 address. the device that has the targeted IPv6 address will respond with an NA message containing its Ethernet MAC address
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Ping the default gateway
if the default gateway address does not respond, a ping can be sent to the IP address of another host on the local network that is known to be operational
a successful Ping to the default gateway indicates that the host and the router interface serving as the default gateway are both operational on the local network
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Host reachability
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if the host is available, the destination host responds with an Echo reply
Ping - Test Connectivity
if a reply is not received within the timeout, ping provides a message indicating that a response was not received
it is common for the first ping to timeout if address resolution (ARP or ND) needs to be performed before sending the ICMP Echo Request
the Ping command is an IPv4 and IPv6 testing utility that uses ICMP echo request and echo messages to test connectivity between hosts and provides a summary that unclides the success rate and average round-tip time to the destination
Ping the Loopback
a response from 127.0.0.1 for IPv4, or ::1 for IPv6, indicated that IP is properly installed on the host
ping can be used to test the internal configuration of IPv4 or IPv6 on the local host. to do this, Ping the local loopback address 127.0.0.1 for IPv4 (::1 for IPv6)
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Time Exceeded
when the Time To Live (TTL) field in a packet is decremented to 0, an ICMPv4 Time Exceeded message will be sent to the source host
ICMPv6 also sends a Time Exceeded message, Instead of the IPv4 TTL field, ICMPv6 uses the IPv6 Hop Limit field determine if the packet has expired
ICMPv6 Messages
messages between an IPv6 router and an IPv6 device, including dynamic address allocations are as follows
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messages between IPv6 devices, including duplicate address detection and address resolution are as follows
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Ping a remote Host
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a local host can ping a host on a remote network. a successful ping across the internet work confirms communication on the local network