the use of the context of meaning in conveying communicative actions and meaning related to understanding sentences

In the 1950s and 1960s, the philosophy of language tradition placed emphasis on natural language rather than the formal language studied by logicians. Under the leadership of J.L. Austin. Austin developed a theory of speech acts, and Grice developed a theory of conversational implicatures. these two theories form the basis for the use of pragmatic language

language characteristics and relations with the language of the users are aimed at aspects of language use related to social functions

influence the similarities and differences between the target languages
and other earlier languages ​​which may not be perfect

related to grammatical errors, or when the learner transfers speech act strategies from one language to another, where the lack of use of the appropriate strategy by the learner

Student: I’m sorry for come late miss, because I have other business. Participant: It‟s ok

mastery of the language code. mastery of linguistic codes, ability to recognize lexical, morphological, syntactical, and phonological descriptions of a language

deals with the social rules of language use which require an understanding of the social context in which language is used.

concerning mastery that combines grammatical forms and meanings to achieve the unity of spoken or written texts.

mastery of verbal and non-verbal communication strategies that can be used to compensate for communication breakdowns due to conditions that limit actual communication and to increase communication effectiveness.