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processes …
processes 
erosion
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wave quarrying
when high energy, tall waves hit the cliff face they have the power to enlarge joints and remove large chunks of rock in one go through vibration
attrition
- rocks carried by the sea water collide , gradually m making them smaller and smaller
the rate of coastal erosion can be influenced by a number of factors: wave energy, fetch, sea depth, shape of coast, beach presence, human activity
transport
saltation
sediment bouncing along floor. This will be small pebals or large sand which is too heavy to be carried by currents.
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traction
heavy sediment than cannot be carried , settles and can only move through roaling
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long shore drift
Longshore drift is the movement of material along the shore by wave action. It happens when waves approach the beach at an angle. The swash carries material up and along the beach. The backwash carries material back down the beach at right angles.
sediment cells
Movement of sediment is theoretically contained within indervidual sediment cells however, it is easy enough for sediment to pass between cells
deposition
ridges and runnels
parallel to the shore line in the foreshore zone. Ridges are areas that are raised above the adjacent shore which dips into a runnel. Formed due to the interaction of tides, currents, sediments and the beach topography. They only form on beaches with a shallow gradient. Water flows in and out via the runnel creating an easy drainage rout.
cusps
Cusps are small more temporery semi-circular depressions, formed by many waves reaching the same point. The sides of the cusp channel the incoming swash into the centre of the depression producing a stronger backwash which drags material down the beach from the Centre of the cusp.
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barrier islands
coast line parralelled by a offshore narow strech of dune/salt march out of the water. They originated as offshore bars but as the sea leval rose the beach was flooded apert from this risen area.
bars
When a spit develops over a bay it can link the two headlands, traping water in forming a lagoon, caused by longhsore drift
spits
long narow accumulations of sediment with one end joining to the mainland. Have a hooked end due to the seccond prevaling wind. Sheltering a marshland behind the hook. Created by longshore drift and a change in the shape of the coast line. Only formes in shalow waters as there is more friction and the sediment is lost.
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weathering
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CHEMICAL) The chemistry that makes up coastal rocks can be affected by rain and sea water leading to the gradual disintegration of solid rocks.
e.g. oxidation - rock containing iron compounds experience oxidation of the iron into a rusting state when oxygen and water are readily available from the sea or air. This can lead to disintegration
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mass movement
landslides
the downslope movement of a large black of material. It remains in its internal structure untill hitting the base and fracturing.
rock falls
arch roofsa, stacks and cliff faces collapse as weekness becomes unsupportable
mudflows
fine particals of mud flow down the face of cliffs, often heavily saturated by persistant rainfall which adds to its bulk and makes it a more liquady consistancy
soil creep
the gradual movement downhill of indervidual particals due to gravity. Rain drops may dislodge particals which then have a downwards tragectory due to gravity
rotational slumping
a usccsesion of rotational landslips in which the cliff base colapses in destinct stages. Heavy rain may lubricate c curved slip plane and undercutting at the cliff base by wave action results in a slippage of material down towards the beach
wind (aedlian)
most coastlines have a prevaling wind direction, this is important as it controls the direction that the waves approach the coastline and the direction of transportation.
Fetch is the distance of open water which a wind blows uninterupted. This length helps determin the magnitude and engegy of the waves reaching the coast.
waves are created by the transfere of energy from the wind blowing over the seas surface- frictional drag. The engergy aquired by waves depends on the strength of the wind, the amount of time it has been blowing, and the fetch
wind acts as an agent of erosion as it can pick up and remove sediment and then use it to erode other features. e.g. abrasion where the wind uses the material it carries to wear away landscape features.
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