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Europe Faces Revolutions - Coggle Diagram

- - - - European politics seesawed. Many liberal gains were lost to conservatives within a year. In one country after another, the revolutionaries failed to unite themselves or their nations. Conservatives regained their nerve and their power. By 1849, Europe had practically returned to the conservatism that had controlled governments before 1848. These revolutions failed to achieve their nationalist and democratic objectives.
- - - - Each and everyone attracted a different set of followers.
        
        Conservative: usually wealthy property owners and nobility. They argued for protecting the traditional monarchies of Europe.
        
        Liberal: mostly middle-class business leaders and merchants. They wanted to give more power to elected parliaments, but only the educated and the landowners would vote.
        
        Radical: favored drastic change to extend democracy to all people. They believed that governments should practice the ideals of the French Revolution—liberty, equality, and brotherhood. Some radicals believed in anarchism—a belief that government is harmful and not needed.
        
        [https://www.pgsd.org/cms/lib07/PA01916597/Centricity/Domain/204/Clash%20of%20Philosophies.pdf]
        
        To which school do U.S. political parties belong?
        They mostly belong to the liberal party, but they are mostly democratic.
        
        How can people have such different philosophies?
        We all engage in philosophy whether we are aware of it or not. We all have some beliefs concerning many of things.
        
        Culture: I think this would fit because everyone had their own way of voting or believing so it kids of like culture they all have their own ways.
- - - - King Charles X tried to help France return to an absolute monarchy.
        
        He was replaced by Louis-Philippe, but after 18 years he would lose popular favor.
        
        The government was overturned again and made into a republic but it started to fall right away.
        
        The radicals split into factions. One side wanted political reform, while the other wanted economic and social reform. Bloody battles resulted because of it.
        
        The French citizens were pushed away from the radicals because of the battles. A moderate constitution was drawn up later.
        
        The constitution called for parliament and a strong president.
        
        Louis-Napoleon, nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte, won the election. 4 years later, he declared himself Emperor Napoleon III.
        
        3 more items...
        
        How were the actions of the radicals contrary to their philosophy?
        
        The radicals split and started fighting among themselves. They were suppose to be united among themselves to take down the enemies of their objective.
        
        Conflict: With the radicals splitting into faction, this would create conflict between themselves and take away from their orginial idea and plan.
        
        Change: I would say this is change because they are changing their ruler. This changes the way the nation is run and what is viewed as important during that time period.
        
        King Charles X
- - - - nationalism changed the way that many countries were ran and the word nationalism was different for every state as some wanted to be a single state while others wanted to split away and establish their own rule.
    - - Modern nationalism is tied to the spread of democratic ideas and the growth of an educated middle class.
        
        the people wanted to control how they were governed, instead of having monarchs push rules on them.
        
        What goal did liberals in Germany and Austria have?
        
        Germany and Austria both wanted to be self-ruling states. but Germany wanted to be one big state while Austria wanted to be by itself.
        
        most people who believed in nationalism were either liberals or radicals. most of them were liberal middle class.
        
        There were many different ideas about what nationalism is. liberals from germany thought that the surrounding states should come together and be one nationalism state. while the Hungarians in the Austrian Empire wanted to split away and establish self-rule.
        
        What were Radicals?
        
        What were Monarchs?
      - Change- This concept goes with the passage because every where would follow someone and now with nationalism they follow rules and what the people want.
- - - - How did Russia’s defeat in the Crimean War push it toward political reform?
        Alexander and hsi adviser believed hat his reforms would allow russia to compete with western Europe for world power