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Moral Policing and Malay-Muslim Women in Brunei, ideas of someone who is…
Moral Policing and Malay-Muslim Women in Brunei
Religious Community (Arabic School)
Power of Language
Gadis Melayu Terakhir (Last Malay Woman)
The Body
Conformity
The Moral Police
ideas of someone who is
bisai
(similar ideals mentioned)
soft-spoken
educated / on top of her studies
good manners / polite
dresses modestly / properly
not rude / judgemental
feminine
Bruneian-specific words
bungkus nangka
bisai
beri malu
inda tau malu
labuh
katat
those who do the policing
parents
patriarchal society, the fathers regulate more than half of the informants, they're also responsible as head of the family
the mothers want to make examples out of their daughters (especially only daughter informants)
boyfriends
they may see their girlfriends as their potential wives
the husband bears the sins of his wife
his job is to take care of her
aurat
brothers
brothers bear their sister's sins when the father is not around
patriarchal society
protective over the women in the family
sisters
based on one informant, judges their own sisters
others genuinely look after their sisters
grandmother
older generation, is against current style of dressing and lack of femininity in her grandaughters
seems to be an enclosed community
Image of an Arabic School goer
imposed on girls as young as 9 years old (Year 5)
from the outside (general public, relatives) & the inside (teachers, students)
even after 10 years, a informant is still worried of bumping into her past teachers from Arabic School, so she still has to consider them when deciding what to wear before going outside
an informant was told that "she changed", as she was seen wearing short
hijab
and tighter clothes
"you go to Arabic School but..."
informants believe this association is unfair and representation is inaccurate, so it fails to please those who have this view too
Superiority Complex
completely religious surrounding inside that insiders are not able to see until they step outside and look at it from a distance
the community's mindset = what does not fit religious standards is what they consider to be not
bisai
and
beri malu
no open minds (not applicable to all members)
informants defend their relationship with Allah and connection with Islam
maintain that their values remain intact no matter how far they are from home
the main subject / what people react to
a woman's assets
advised to wear
hijab
below the chest, tops that are long and
labuh
to cover the bottom
skinny body
skinny-shamed "kurus karing"
1 informant starts wearing loose clothes to not make her skinny body as noticeable
fat body
fat-shamed, weight gain is pointed out, advised to diet, lose weight
too much food on a plate - "lapar jua" too little food on a plate - "diet kah?"
similar comment on weight gain: "makin berisi jua, makin kurus sudah, makin berisi balik"
conforming to avoid provoking unwanted comments
2 common responses: staying quiet, laughing it off
2 informants immediately fix what has been pointed out
cover up and dress modestly so people don't start talking