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Surface plasmon based plasmonic sensors: A review on their past, present…
Surface plasmon based plasmonic sensors: A review on their past, present and future
INTRODUCTION
Two forms of SPs
- Localized surface plasmons (LSPs)
- Propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs)
- Free electrons on the metal surface are excited by evanescent waves to form surface plasmon waves (SPW)
- SPR will occur when the incident light's wave vector matches that of SPW, resulting in a large EM field on the surface of the metal.
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Materials
Metals
SPWs are created on the metal-dielectric interface when a monochromatic light source is applied directly to the metal surface
Nanomaterials
- Graphene
- Black phosphorous (BP)
- Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs)
- MoS2
- Molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2)
- Tungsten disulfate (WS2)
- Tungsten diselenide (WSe2)
Applications
Biosensor
Works based on the refractive index variation due to the binding of biomolecules on the sensor layer
Chemical sensor
Main focus of the applications was on changes in the RI of the sensing layer caused by the adsorption of the analyte molecules
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Future perspective
- High sensitivity range
Detect changes in the local RI caused by biomolecular biding
- The miniaturized sensor extends the range of potential applications
- Improvement in the analytic figures of merit
- Nanomaterials are free from corrosion and oxidation
- 2D nanomaterials can bind to proteins and nucleic acids
- 2D nanomaterials layer could increase the electrical field at the interface and accelerate the transfer of charges between plasmonic metal and probe molecules due to the high mobility of the carrier => improving the sensitivity of the plasmonic sensor