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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM - Coggle Diagram
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
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Synthesis, secretion, and transport
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synthesis
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peptide: synthesized on the ribosome cells as pre-prohormones, then cleaved to prohormones in rough RE, and packaged into vesicles by the golgi apparatus
steroid hormone:
synthesized in smooth RE of such tissues like ovaries or adrenal cortex. the final product depends on the type of cell and the amount of enzymes that are expressed
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Hormone Classification
steroid hormones
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aldosterone, cortisol, estrogen, testosterone, progesterone
non-steroid hormones
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- amines (epinephrine & norepinephrine)
- peptides (ADH, GH, ACTH, PTH, PRL, insulin, glucagon, oxytocin)
- glycoproteins (FSH, LH, TSH)
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Hormone Mechanism
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receptor binding
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steroid hormone action
they bind to the receptor inside the cell membrane or they can move freely into the nucleus where the hormone-receptor complex binds to DNA starting transcription process that will result in the synthesis of a new protein
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Produced hormones
- pituitary gland: GTH, PRL, TSH, FSH, LH, ACTH, ADH, oxytocin
- pineal gland: melatonin
- thyroid gland: T3, T4, calcitonin
- parathyroid gland: PTH
- thymus: thymosin
- adrenal gland: glucocorticoids, mineralcorticoids, epinephrine & norepinephrine
- pancreas: insulin & glucagon
- ovaries: estrogen & progesterone
- testes: testosterone
Definition:
a ductless gland control system that produces hormones that circulate in the body via bloodstream
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