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social identity theory - Coggle Diagram
social identity theory
competition and conflict aren't necessary for prejudice, SIT claims knowing another group exists that we do not belong to is enough to cause prejudice
social identification
associating yourself with the culture of your in-group. to emphasise the membership you may wear particular clothes. if your in group does well then you feel good :D
social categorisation
placing yourself and others into particular groups, your group is your in-group and the others are the out-group
social comparison
to boost your self esteem, you make your in-group look better than your out-group. people can deliberately make the out-group look bad via prejudice
Tajfel
aim
to test whether prejudice and discrimination can form between groups without the introduction of competition or conflict
procedure
- asked 64 teenage schoolboys to choose between two paintings
- at random, two groups were allocated, forming an in-group and an out-group
- participants were then asked to give or take points away from both groups
findings and conclusion
-participants favoured the in-group, and discriminated against the out-group
-this shows that competition and conflict are not necessary to cause prejudice
Wetherell
in a replication of Tajfel's study, found that New Zealand Polynesian children favoured the out group more than the in group
CISAC
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Application
can be applied to significant world events in which prejudice developed and had an effect despite no conflict or competition causing it e.g. genocide in Rwanda
Issues and Debates
ethnocentric - ideas such as 'self esteem' and 'self concept' are a very western explanations, and may apply better to individualist cultures, not collectivist cultures
Cannot Explain
it cannot account for why opposing groups may show differing levels of prejudice at different times assuming that their collective self-esteem has not altered
Blue eyes Brown eyes study
a teacher told her (young) students that people with brown eyes are superior. instant prejudice was formed between the two groups, with no introduction of competition or conflict, supporting SIT