Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
THE RESTORATION AND GRADUAL MODERNISATION OF SPAIN, image, image, image,…
THE RESTORATION AND GRADUAL MODERNISATION OF SPAIN
THE REIGN OF ALFONSO XII: STABILITY
two political elements
made reing stable
Constitution 1876
turnismo
Constitunion of 1876
Parliament
formed by elected Congress and Senate
Suffrage
Sovereignty
parliament and king
Rights and freedoms
religion
Catholicism official religion
others were permitted
public expressions of those prohibited
Turnismo
introduced by Cánoves del Castillo
two main parties
Conservative Party
Liberal Party
Conservative Party
founded by Cánovas del Castillo
group of moderate politicians
supported by aristocracy, wealthiest bourgeoisie, tradicional middle clases
Liberal Party
founded by Sagasta
supporters members of progressive, regionalist middle class
other parties
won some seats
never given the opportunity to govern
THE REIGN OF MARÍA CRISTINA: CRISIS
Alfonso XII died of tuberculosis
Mária Cristina became regent
pregnant with Alfonso XIII
many problems during the regency
Problem of popular representation
universal manhood suffrage introduced 1890
still electoral fraud
diferences between
official Spain
real Spain
many citizes not represented in Parliament
Regional problem
demanded regional identity
Aragón, Valencia, Navarrra, Asturias, Andalucía
Catalan, Basque nationalist movements
Catalan nationalism
1877 frist newspaper in Catalan
1901 Regionalist Legue of Cataluña
wanted
recognised as a nation
play active role in Spanish politics
Basque nationalism
1894
Sabino Arana
founded Basque Nationalist Party
no Spanish dimensio
wanted Basque national sovereignty
The colonial problem
last decades of 19th century
Cuba, Philippines independence
Cuba
war between
Spanish army
cuban independence fighters
United States intervened
Spain lost war
Spain ceded
Cuba, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Guam
to United States
Marina Islands, caroline Islands, Palau
to Germany
Disaster of 1898
national crisis
major blow to Spanish morale
acused of poor management
parties supported turnismo
its leaders
Regenerationism
school and larder
Joaquín Costa
GRADUAL ECONOMIC MODERNISATION
Demographic changes
high death rates
because of
war
famines, epidemics
life expectancy
35 years 1900
Agricultural change
still inequality of land ownership
Caciquismo
developed in rural Spain
19th century
Caciques large landowners
economic power
large social influence
controlled
employment contrats
minicipal jobs
had armed followers
Financial changes
1865 Banco de España was founded
credit associations were established
main problem
little tax was collected
Spanish tax system was unfair
penalising poorer people
Peseta
1868 became Spain´s official national currency
until 2002
euro was introduced
Labour movement
PSOE
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
founded in Madrid
by Pablo Iglesias
1879
UGT
General Union of Workers
1888
main achievements
protective laws on child labour
recognition of trade union rights
compesation for victims accidents in workplace
