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Cynthia Jaimes Per.3 Lymphatic and Immune System - Coggle Diagram
Cynthia Jaimes Per.3 Lymphatic and Immune System
Major Functions of Lymphatic System
Returns tissue fluid to the blood
Defend body against diseases
Collects and carries excuis tissue fluid
Artificial vs. Naturally Acquired Immune Defenses
Artificial
Given vaccine
Injection of antibodies
Naturally
Exposure to antigens
Passing antibodies
Humoral Response and Cellular Response
Cellular Response
Response through cell-to-cell contact, attach directly to antigens and destroys them
Humoral Response
Response to the activation of B cells and produces antibodies (fights bacteria and viruses in body fluids)
First, Second and Third Lines of Defense
Second
Non-specific
Inflammation, chemical barriers, natural killer cells, phagocytosis and fever
Third
Specific
Cellular and humoral immune response
First
Non-specific
Mechanical barriers (skin, mucous membranes, hair)
Physical separation of pathogens and internal tissue
Antigens and Antibodies
Antigens
A protein that trigger an immune response
Antibodies
Proteins that attacks specific antigens
In humoral response
Lymphatic Organs
Thymus
Site for T cell maturation
Behind the strenum
Spleen
Cleanses blood and removes aged or defective RBC's
In the upper left abdominal cavity
Lymph Nodes
Cleanses lymph and site for lymphocyte activation and proliferation
In groups or chains of lymphatic vessels
Tonsils (MALT)
Stops germs from entering the body
In the throat
Peyer's Patches (MALT)
Prevent large number of infections
In the walls of small intestine
Red Bone Marrow
Produces all formed elements of blood
In the bones
Major Functions of Immune System
Protects body against diseases
Innate Immune Defenses and Adaptive Immune Defenses
Innate (non-specifc)
Responds to quickly
Fights against many types of pathogens
Made up of the first and second line of defense
Adaptive (specific)
Responds slower
Fights specific pathogens
Made up of the third line of defense
Passive vs. Active Immunity
Passive (short-term immunity)
Receiving antibodies
No immune response = no memory B cells produced
There is no antigen contact
Active (long-lasting immunity)
Exposure to antigens
Immune response occurs = formation of antibodies and memory B cells
Cells involved in Immune System
B Cells
In the blood and tissue
Create antibodies
Activates T cells
Displays antigens to Major histocompatibilty complexes
Natural killer cells
Targets viruses and cancer cells
In the blood
T Cells
In the blood and tissue
Kill any infected cell
Can differentiate antigens
Assists macrophage
Neutrophill
In blood
Engulfs smaller particles
Eosinpphil
Fights parasites
Involved in allergic reactions
Has histamine and non-phagocytic
MAST cell
In tissue
Involved in allergic reactions of tissue
Non-phagocytic
Dendrite cell
Located where pathogens enter
First antigen presenting cell
Macrophage
In tissue
Engulfs and destroys foreign particles, debris and damaged cells
Displays to B cells and T cells
Monocyte
In blood and some tissues
Attacks larger paticles
Basophil
Responds to allergic respoonses
Is non-phagocytic
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
A protein that identifies the uniqueness of the individual cells
Disorders of Immune System
Malaria
Caused by blood transfusion with infected person, plamodiam parasites or mosquito transmission
Some symptoms are jaundice, kidney failure or seizures
Parasites that feed off humans transmitted by mosquitoes
Some treatments are protective drugs, tetracyclines or IV or oral clindarmycin
Pertusis (whooping cough)
Caused by bordetella pertusis or bacterial inamonia
A highly contagious respiratory tract infection
Some symptoms are nasal congestion, fever or body fatigue
Some treatments are prescribed antibiotics, vaccination or plenty of fluids
Tetanus
Caused by puncture wounds, dead tissue injury or infection by clastridium tetani
Some symptoms are changes in blood pressure and heart rate, fever and sweating or jaw cramping
Bacteria enters body and produces toxins that cause muscle contractions
Some treatments are antibiotics, aggressive wound care or medication TIG
Rubella
Caused by direct contact with infected person or airbone droplet
Some symptoms are headache, rash or swelling in lymph node
A contagious disease caused by the RUV virus
Some treatments are vaccination or bed rest
Pinworm Infection
Caused by swallowing inefective pinworm eggs, thumb sucking or children under 18
May have difficulty sleeping, weight loss or itching around anal area
Itching around the anus
Some treatments are mebendazole, pyrantel pamoate or albrndazoie
Cholera
Caused by contaminated water, raw/ under-cooked food or poor sanitary conditions
Some symptoms are abdominal cramps, low blood pressure or vomiting
An acute diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with Vibre Cholera bacteria
Some treatments are vaccination, probiotics or phage therapy
Chickenpox
Some symptoms are fever, loss of appetite or pink and red bumps on skin
Some treatments are vaccination, over counter medication or bed rest
Caused by contact with infected person, airborn droplets or underdeveloped immune system
Highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV)
Smallpox
Caused by face to face contact, infected droplets or variola virus
Some symptoms are muscle aches, rashes or severe back pain
A serious infectious disease caused by the variola virus
Some treatments are vaccination or antiviral drugs
Haemophilus Infiuenzae
Caused by bronchi failure, respiratory failure or damage immune system
Some symptoms are shortness of breath, eye pain ore sore throat
An infection of the nose, throat and lungs caused by bacteria
Some treatments are influenza vaccine, prescribed medication or oseltamivir
Meningitis
Some symptoms are mental confusion, nausea or stiff neck
Caused by weakened immune system, viral infection or old age
Some treatments are antibiotics, steroid medication or oxygen therapy
Inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
Toxoplasmosis
Caused by eating under-cooked meat or seafood, mother to baby transmission or cat feces
Some symptoms are swollen lymph node, reduced/ burried vision or ataxia
An infection caused by a parasite called toxoplasma gondii
Some treatments are antiparasitics, antibiotics or rest
Poliomyelitis
Some symptoms are sore throat, stomach pain or paralysis
No specific therapy except, physical therapy or occupational therapy
Caused by infected droplets, person to person contact or contact with infected feces
A disabling and life altering disease caused by poliovirus
Measles
Caused by no vaccination, contaminated droplets or contact with person infected
Some symptoms are rash, high fever or dry cough
An acute viral respiratory illness (serious of children)
Unknown cure, but some treatments are vaccination or rest
Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
Caused by person to person contact or nose and throat secretions
Some symptoms are mouth sores, skin rash or fever
Contagious viral infection common in children
Some treatments are drinking fluids or counter medication