Ethiopian Famine
Economic
Population
Climate
High lands
Low lands
Tropical
cooler
Mean temperatures: 15-30 C
Mean temperatures: 25-30 C
Grazing land
Farming land
Prone to droughts, soil erosion, unreliable rainfall and desertification
Growing seasons
Meher
Belg
February and September
April and December
Rainy seasons
June to September
February to May
corn, wheat, sorghum, millet, barley, and teff
Arable land
15% of land
Only 171,542.8376 square kilometres
Increasing from 11.6% in 1971 to 14.4% in 2020 and now 15.2%
Soil types
- Vertisols
- Yermosold, Xerosols and other saline soils
- Lithosols
- Combisols and Luvisols
- Nitosols and Andosols
Westerns and eastern highlands
Western lowlands and foothills of the western highlands
Moisture deficiency and coarse texture
Medium to high potential for agriculture if managed properly
Low nutrient retention and erosion hazard
Western highlands
Medium agricultural potential with proper management
Medium to high potential for agriculture
Refered to as dark clay
Lack of potential for rain fed agriculture
Eastern lowlands
The wetter margins are good for livestock
Denakil Plain
Lack of moisture stops any form of agriculture
Food groups grown
legumes
cereals
fruits
tubers
oil seeds
vegetables
spices
Natural disasters
Drought
Locust Plague
Worst plague in the past 25 years
Threatening food supply, as well as destroying crops in Ethiopia
The plague is increasing food insecurity throughout the country
Due to 5 consecutive failed rainy seasons since 2020
More than 9.5 million live stock have died because of the drought
Drought in the Horn of Africa are become more frequent and severe
Worst drought, Ethiopia, and the region has seen in the past 40 years
5.7 million people need food assistance in Ethiopia
Main source of income
GDP per capita
Transportation and internal food distribution networks
Money moved from helping people
Percentage of GDP used for armed forces
Political reasons for famine
Agriculture
42% of the country's GDP in 2022
75% of the country's work force works in agriculture
Conflicts
It doesn't cause conflicts, but it is severely affected by conflicts
Conflict makes it so farmers have to abandon their farms and production is greatly decreased
During conflict planting seeds can be stolen, farming equipment looted, and crops burned
Ethiopia’s GDP per capita is 925.1 in 2021
Ethiopia's GDP relatively low if you compare it worldwide
The lowest GDP per capita is 221.5
The highest GDP per capita is 234, 315.5
The GDP per capita world average is 12, 234. 8
Ethiopia's GDP per capita in comparison to the lowest values 
Ethiopia's GDP per capita in comparison to the highest values
Ethiopia’s GDP per capita is expected to increase to around 7000 US dollars by 2050
It is still low considering that it is still lower than the current GDP per capita world average
Transport in Ethiopia is determined by the roads and railway sectors since it is a land locked country
Ethiopia had about 41% of the required road network at the end of the fiscal year 2019/20
The country’s road authorities plan on building 10 thousand more kilometres of roads
Road traffic is quite dangerous with around 26.7 fatalities per 100,00 inhabitants per year
Compared to an average of 17.0 in the world per year
Ethiopia has a 656 kilometre railway network that links the capital city to the port of Djibouti
It can accommodate 21 pairs of trains per day, but it only operates 7 pairs
Ethiopia moves 400 thousand metric tons of food per year to be distributed at 3 thousand point and 26 refugee camps
The country’s retail grocery sector is concentrated in Addis Ababa
8 major supermarket chains, with a total of 21 stores across the city, supplying imported foods and beverages
1985 money meant to buy food and supplies for people suffering from the famine was diverted to rebels and instead used to buy weapons
The governments were also accused of diverting funds meant for victims of famine to purchase of weapons and funding of an attempted coup
There is no indication that the same is happening with the aid for the current famine
In 2021 Ethiopia's GDP was 92.61 billion US dollars
In 2021 percentage of GDP used for armed forces was 0.53%
490,833,000 US dollars
It is a small percentage of the country’s GDP
US with a percentage of 3.48 of its GDP
Russia with 4.08% of its GDP
The prime minister ordered a military attack on the Tigrey region after they held their own election, defying the central government
Conflict cause displacement of people, limited supply and access to goods and services within the area
The conflict left more than 350, 000 people facing starvation by mid-202
Population pyramid
People per km squared of arable land
Estimated number of people per sq km
Estimated life expectancy, birth rate and child mortality rate
In 2050 the estimated life expectancy in Ethiopia is 76.7
In 2050 the estimated birth rate in Ethiopia is 31.9
In 2050 the estimated child mortality rate in Ethiopia is 17.6
This lack of older people might also be because of a low life expectancy in the country.
The lack of elder people could be a result of the Covid-12 pandemic, that hit elder people harder than it did younger
The shape of the graph also tells us that most of Ethiopia's population is very young.
The wide base means high childbirth and fertility rates.
The country will have a large workforce, this large number of people for its workforce might increase the number of unemployed people
If the droughts continue progressively worse, food insecurity within the country will keep increasing as the population increases
727.7 people/ sq km of arable land
1 square kilometre of land can never sustain 727 people, much less with the population growth Ethiopia is currently experiencing
Arable land could still be lost to drought, erosion, and urbanization in an attempt to accommodate the increasing population
In 2050 the estimated number of people per square kilometres in Ethiopia is 194.52
The wide base signifies population growth