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Spina Bifida - Coggle Diagram
Spina Bifida
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Pharmacology
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Alpha-adrenergic antagonists: reducing bladder outlet resistance, increasing urinary flow rate, and enhancing bladder emptying
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Expected Outcomes
Many authorities believe that early closure, within the first 24-72 hours, offers the most favorable outcomes. this also results in improved bladder capacities and lower detrusor leak point pressures
Increased incidence of febrile UTIs, vesicoureteral reflux, and hydronephrosis have been shown when closure is delayed past 72 hours
Prenatal surgical closure of the myelomeningocele sac reduced the need for shunting (for hydrocephalus), evaluated at 12 mo, and decreased the incidence of hindbrain herniation
In addition, there was an improvement in mental and motor function scores at 30 mo for those who had prenatal surgery
Many authorities believe that early closure, within the first 24 to 72 hours, offers the most favorable outcome. Surgical closure within the first 24 hours is recommended if the sac is leaking CSF.
Pathophysiology
Maldevelopment of ectodermal, mesodermal, and neuroectodermal tissues, leading to an incomplete development of the neural tube.
Those affected can have motor impairment, bowel and bladder dysfunction, and cognitive deysfunction.
This can be caused by a combination of genetic, nutrtional and enviromental risk factors like family history of neural tube defects and folate deficiency
Some people may not even know that they have spina bifida. If it gets to be a more severe version like myelomeningocele, the spinal nerves can be exposed and form a sac on the baby's back, which can make the baby prone to infections, paralysis, and bladder and bowel dysfunciton.
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