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6. THE RESTORATION AND THE GRADUAL MODERNISATION OF SPAIN, image, image,…
6. THE RESTORATION AND THE GRADUAL MODERNISATION OF SPAIN
ECONOMIC MODERNISATION OF SPAIN
19th century, Spain was mainly agriculture
Changes
Financial changes
1865 Banco de España founded
Tax system was unfair
Agricultural changes
There was still inequality of land ownership
Demographic changes
19th century, Spain's population grow less
High death rates, because of:
Famines
Epidemics of diseases
Wars
Caciquismo
Rural Spain 19th century
They were large landowners
Controlled employment contacts and municipal jobs
The Labour Movement
Constitution of 1869
Labour movement
1873 Spanish Regional Federation of the International Workingmen's Association
PSOE was formed by Pablo Iglesias in 1879
Iglesias helped founding
General Union of Workers (UGT) 1888
Employment legislation:
Trade unions rights 1887
Compension of accidents in the workplace 1900
Laws on child labour 1873
THE REIGN OF ALFONSO XII
The Bourbon dynasty returned
2 political elements made the regime stable
Constituion 1876
Topics of constitution
Suffrage
Rights and freedoms
Parliament
Religion
Sovereignty
Turnismo
Turnismo
2 Political parties
The Conservative Party
Cánovas del Castillo
The Liberal Party
Sagasta
The election was manipulated in favour of the party that the king chosen
There also were other political parties, such as:
Republican party
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party
Basque Nationalist Party
Regionalist League of Cataluña
THE REGENCY OF MARÍA CRISTINA
Alfonso XII died (1885)
María Cristina became the regent
Political regime crisis
Regional problem
19th century, regional identity movements emerged (Nationalist movements)
Catalan nationalism
1877
Basque nationalism
1894, Sabino Arana
Colonial problem
19th century
Lots of colonies (Cuba)
Want their independence
The US intervened in Cuban's conflict
Treaty of Paris 1898
Disaster 1898
Lots of Spain's colonial territories
Were lost
Problem of popular representation
1890, there was electoral fraud
