Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
MILITARY RULE OF JAPAN Jesús Amezola Emilio Quiñonez 6.-A - Coggle…
MILITARY RULE OF JAPAN
Jesús Amezola
Emilio Quiñonez
6.-A
FEUDALISM AND ISOLATION
600s:
Once Japan unified in 600, the country was ruled by a samurai class during the Heian period (794-1603) and a feudal military dictatorship.
794:
Under the Heian Period, the samurai class of Japanese warriors erodes the emperor’s control. The samurai’s influence and power grows and the local feudal system endures for 700 years.
1603:
The Tokugawa shogunate, a feudal military dictatorship, is established.
1854:
Japan signs trade treaty with U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry, after Perry threatens to bombard coastal cities. The treaty ends two centuries of Japanese isolationism.
MODERNIZATION AND NATIONALISM
1868:
Samurai establish new Meiji government, which restores power to the emperor.
1889:
Japan adopts its first Western-style constitution, establishing a bicameral legislature, the Imperial Diet. The emperor remains in power, but does not possess full authority or direct rule.
1890:
During the period of Westernization, industrialization and modernization, the Meiji government sets forth a document called the Imperial Rescript on Education based on Confucian philosophy and emphasizing Japanese nationalism and cultural commonality.
1894 - 1895:
Japan defeats China in the First Sino-Japanese War in 1895. Japan annexes Taiwan and sways Chinese influence in Korea. The strength of Japan’s modern and Western-styled military prepares Japan to dominate the region and shift power from China.
1904 - 1905:
The Russo-Japanese War breaks out when Japan launches a surprise attack on Port Arthur, Manchuria. Japan and Russia vie for dominance of the region, specifically Manchuria and the Korean peninsula. U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt mediates the Treaty of Portsmouth in 1905, giving Japan control of Korea.
1910:
Japan annexes Korea.
JAPAN RISING
1914:
Japan enters World War I on the side of Great Britain.
1919 - 1920:
Japan attends the WWI peace settlement at Versailles and is recognized as one of the “Big Five” great military and industrial world powers.
1924:
Tensions rise when the U.S. passes the Immigration Act, which prohibits all Asian immigration.
1929:
Worldwide depression ushers in a period of nationalism in Japan. Traditional Japanese values are emphasized.
1931
Japan violates the Treaty of Versailles, invading and conquering Chinese Manchuria.
1932:
Ultra-nationalistic military troops assassinate the Japanese Prime Minister, Inukai Tsuyoshi. The military exerts its power in international and domestic politics.
1933:
After the League of Nations condemns Japan for its military attack on Manchuria, Japan withdraws its membership.
1936:
Japan signs anti-communist agreement with Nazi Germany.
1 more item...
WORLD WAR II
1940:
Japan joins the Axis Powers with Germany and Italy.
1940:
Japan bombs the Chinese city of Ningbo with fleas carrying the bubonic plague. A 1999 lawsuit claims that germ warfare killed at least 2,100 people.
1941:
On December 7, 1941, Japan launches a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor in Hawaii, killing 2,500 and sinking 12 ships. The U.S. and allies declare war on Japan.
1941:
Japan invades Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand and Hong Kong. Japan takes Guam and Wake Island.
1942:
Japan conquers Indonesia (former Dutch East Indies), Malaysia, Solomon Islands, northern island of New Guinea, Singapore, Burma, and reaches India (under British rule).
1942:
The U.S. rounds up 117,000 Japanese-Americans and relocates them to internment camps during the war.
1945:
On May 7, 1945, Germany surrenders unconditionally to the Allied Powers (U.S., Great Britain and China).
1945:
On July 26, 1945, the Allied Powers define the terms for Japan’s unconditional surrender in the Potsdam Declaration. In the event that Japan does not surrender, the Allied Powers threaten “prompt and utter destruction.”
1 more item...
REFERENCES
Biagiotti, L. (2008, julio 8). Japan’s about-face ~ timeline: Japanese military history. Wide Angle.
https://www.pbs.org/wnet/wideangle/uncategorized/japans-about-face-timeline-japanese-military-history/1168/
Japan - The rise of the militarists. (s/f). En Encyclopedia Britannica.
National Geographic. (2018, July 25). Kempeitai, la Gestapo del Sol Naciente. Retrieved February 16, 2023, from
https://historia.nationalgeographic.com.es/a/kempeitai-gestapo-sol-naciente_16306
Embajada del Japón en Cuba. (n.d.). Constitución de Japón. Retrieved February 16, 2023, from
https://www.cu.emb-japan.go.jp/es/docs/constitucion_japon.pdf
RISE OF THE MILITARISTS
1930s:
The notion that expansion through military conquest would solve Japan’s economic problems gained currency during the Great Depression
Chinese and Japanese efforts to secure racial equality in the League of Nations covenant had been rejected by Western statesment.
AGRESSION IN MANCHURIA
The Kwantung Army, which occupied the Kwantung (Liaotung) Peninsula and patrolled the South Manchurian Railway zone.
1928:
Murder of Chang Tso-lin.
The action, though not authorized by the Tanaka government, helped bring about its fall.
1931:
Came the Mukden (or Manchurian) Incident, which launched Japanese aggression in East Asia. A Kwantung Army charge that Chinese soldiers had tried to bomb a South Manchurian Railway train (which arrived at its destination safely) resulted in a speedy and unauthorized capture of Mukden (now Shen-yang), followed by the occupation of all Manchuria.
Curious Facts
The military rule in Japan known as the shogunate, the samurai became a ruling class of warriors and political leaders.
During World War II, Japan used poison gas against Chinese forces and other Allied troops. They also conducted medical experiments on prisoners of war and civilians, known as Unit 731.
Japan's Constitution, which came into force in 1947 after World War II, prohibits the use of war as a means of settling international disputes and states that power resides in the people.
The incident involving the nuclear submarine USS Greeneville and the Japanese fishing boat Ehime Maru in 2001 caused tensions between the United States and Japan.
In 2015, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe passed a law allowing Japan's self-defense forces to participate in overseas conflicts under certain circumstances, raising concerns about increased militarization in Japan.
