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SOCIOLINGUISTICS THEORIES - Coggle Diagram
SOCIOLINGUISTICS THEORIES
OCCUPATION
AGE
PENELOPE ECKERT (1997) - 3 CATEGORIES OF AGE
CHRONOLOGICAL AGE
- the number of years a person has been alive.
BIOLOGICAL AGE
- the level of physical maturity reached by : a person.
SOCIAL AGE
- a person's age is determined by life experiences and social standing.
Limitation
: However, how people define age differs from different cultures as some may place more significance on time and age measures.
As western cultures focus on chronological age, while african cultures may prioritise social age instead.
JENNY CHESHIRE (1987) - THE LINGUISTIC VARIABLE
argues adult and child language develop due to
life experiences.
*supportive of eckert's social age.
GARY IVES (2014) - YORKSHIRE SCHOOL STUDENTS STUDY
interviewed 63 children
aged 16-17 in a west yorkshire secondary school and asked them '
does you age affect your language?
'
100% of them said yes
.
ives theorised that teenage specific language included features like:
FREQUENT SLANG
COLLOQUIAL WORD CHOICES
TABOO WORDS
DIALECT WORDS
ives found that teenagers use language to create and support a sense of identity.
also using non-standard forms of language provides more freedom of expression, while separating them from the older generation.
ANNA-BRITA STENSTROM (2002) - TEENAGE TALK
completed a corpus study looking at the most prominent language within teenage talk including features of 'SLANGUAGE':
IRREGULAR TURN TAKING
OVERLAPS
INDISTINCT ARTICULATION (MUMBLING)
WORD SHORTENINGS
TEASING AND NAME CALLING
VERBAL DUELLING (BANTER)
SLANG
TABOO
LANGUAGE MIXING (CODE SWITCHING)
ZIMMERMAN (2009) - INFLUENCES ON TEENSPEAK
outlined the most prominent influences on teenspeak:
MEDIA & PRESS
NEW MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
MUSIC
STREET ART
PETER TRUDGILL (1974) - SPEECH COMMUNITY
group of people who share the same patterns of language use.
they help people define themselves as individuals and identify others as community members (or not).
SUSAN KEMP (1992) - ADULT SENTENCE FRAGMENTS
kemp found that as
adults get older, words begin to diminish
, which could lead to issues with clarity and fluency.
in particular, elderly people tend to
struggle with communicative fluency
as their memory deteriorates.
older people can therefore begin to
use more filler words and pause
a lot more while talking.
ACCENT & DIALECT
SEXUALITY
SOCIAL CLASS
REGION