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Foreign Policy - Coggle Diagram
Foreign Policy
1538-40
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Threat of invasion from France, HRE, and Scotland led to defensive measures:
Navy: Built 150 ships (Mary Rose, 1511).
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Background
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France was the 'natural' enemy, allied with Scotland (Auld Alliance, 1295).
England sometimes supported France as the underdog, especially after Pavia (1525).
1525 turning point (Wernham): England made peace with France, but it backfired after Landriano (1529).
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1530's defensive policy
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Charles V was distracted by wars with France, German Protestants & the Turks.
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1540-7
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Scotland
1542: Battle of Solway Moss – Scots defeated again, James V dies
MQS (Mary Queen of Scots) becomes heir, regency under Mary of Guise (pro-French)
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France
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🤝 1546: Treaty of Ardres
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No allies, no clear victory – “futile disaster” (Dawson)
1544: Henry invades France with 40,000 troops
Captures Boulogne, but Charles V makes peace with France
England left isolated, war on two fronts (France and Scotland)
Conclusion
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Cromwell wanted Protestant alliances, Henry resisted.
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Despite invasion fears (1538-39), England remained safe.
Henry still wary of Yorkist threats, like his father Henry VII.
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