Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Wild Species and Biodiversity - Coggle Diagram
Wild Species and Biodiversity
Biological Wealth
Intrinsic Value–Land ethics and Aldo Leopold
•Advocated for wilderness protection–Religious support: religious reasons for existence
Biological wealth is important because it
provides instrumental value:
Food and raw materials
Sources for medicine
Recreational
Biodiversity is dimensional –Genetic diversity–Species diversity–Range of communities and ecosystems
–Enact laws–Prevent establishment–Remedy situation
Habitat Destruction: greatest source of loss
•Types
Conversion
Fragmentation
Simplification
Intrusion of other species
Invasive species – organisms not native to
area that causes environmental damage–Reasons for invasion
Accidental
Deliberate
Gradual
Pollution–Chemical
• Nutrients
• Pesticides - Endocrine
Disrupting Compounds (EDCs)
• Industrial Waste–Biological
• Pathogens
• Parasites–Physical
• Sediments
• Light
• Noise
• Thermal
Population growth: Puts pressure on species–Examples:
• Direct use of organisms
• Habitat conversion for use
• Pollution
• Competition as our population increases
• Overexploitation: overharvesting of particular species
faster than they can replenish–Accounts for 23% of recent extinctions
• Trade in Exotics (typically illegal)
• Greed
What are the consequences?
Loss of ecosystem services
Keystone species
Aesthetics and nature-based tourism
(Ecotourism)
K vs. r-strategists
Many unknown consequences
What are the consequences?
Loss of ecosystem services
Keystone species
Aesthetics and nature-based tourism
(Ecotourism)
K vs. r-strategists
Many unknown consequences
Are acts and efforts working?–Grey wolf of Yellowstone–Birds of Prey & DDT–California Condors–Karner Blue Butterfly–Kirtland’s Warbler – Radiolab podcast–Etc.
Endangered species legislation
• Lacey Act
• Endangered Species Act–Listing–Critical Habitat–Recovery Plans
• Alternatives/Roadblocks – special interest
groups
Game animals: those hunted for sport–No hunting restrictions previously–State laws + NGOs fund management today
•Seems to work–Wild turkeys–Trapping/Hunting fees
International Efforts
• International Union for Conservation of
Nature (IUCN)
• Convention on International Trade in
Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna
(CITES)
• Convention on Biological Diversity
• Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund