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Macromolecule digestion - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Secretin causes the pancreas to release NaHCO3 to neutralize the stomach acid (stimulated by H+ and fatty acids) and CCK (cholecystokinin) also acts on the pancreas to release other enzymes and bicarbonate to digest the food
      - CCK also causes the gallbladder to release bile salts to help with fat digestion (release is stimulated by peptides, fatty acids, and monoglycerides)
- - - - The amino acids are then transported from the intestinal cells to the bloodstream via an antiporter
  - - - a-dextrinase then cleaves the a-1,6 bonds and leaves them disaccherides
        
        Appropriate enzymes cleave maltose, sucrose and lactose, leaving monomers like glucose, galactose, and fructose
        
        Glucose and galactose are transported into the intestine through the sodium glucose transporter while fructose is transported via Glut5
        
        Glut2 transports them all into the bloodstream
  - - - Biles salts insert into the droplets and emulsify them into smaller droplets
        
        Lipases break the triacylglyerols into 2 fatty acids and a monoacylglycerol
        
        These assemble into micelles, which are carried into the intestinal epithelium for digestion
        
        They are then reassembled into triacylglycerols and packaged into chylomicrons and excreted into the lymph system, and eventually the bloodstream