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Lecture 3: Ecosystem, Perfect ecosystem = sustainable - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Plants and other organisms converting solar energy into chemical energy.
    - - Depend on organic matter for energy.
    - - Input from the sun → converted by producers → lost as heat.
    - - Continuous exchange of nutrients between biotic and abiotic components.
- - - - ~10% transferred between trophic levels (90% lost as heat).
      - lose through respiration, death, excretory products, and faeces
- - - - Nuclei acids, protein
    - - DNA, ATP, bones
    - - Proteins
    - - Cellular functions, structural roles.