Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

Acute Kidney Failure - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Tumors - developed in rare cases after chemotherapy . May develop inside of organs such as the kidneys. (Turgot, Awadm Rahman, 2023)
      - Infections - increased lymphocytes fighting bacteria could lead to sepsis (multi-organ failure) (Turgot, et all,.2023)
      - Obstructive Nephropathy: via stones, tumors, bladder or prostate disorders, obsturction in the ureter above or below the bladder could potentially block urea causing oliguria or even aliguria.
        (Turgot, et all,,2023)
      - Post operative : high risk with major surgeries, such as: cardiac surgery , vascular procedures, and abdominal surgeries. Many contributing factors such as the patients age, lab values, organ function before and after the surgery will come in to play with diagnosis.
        Some medications pre or post-operative ACE and ARB medications for ex. may increase the risk of low blood pressure and sometimes is combined with NSAIDS or other medications resulting in renal artery constriction. (Boyer, Eldridge, Prowle, & Forni, 2022)
      - Direct Damage due to injuries. (Whelan, 2024)
- - - - Objective Signs: Noted swollen possible edema upon examination. The skin appears taught over the abdomen where it also appears to be distended. Patients ankles also retaining fluid. (Whelan 2024)
      - Subjective Signs: Patient states diffulculty walking and feels like her arms and legs feel heavy. Patient also feels bloated and does not understand why.
  - - - Subjective : Patient states unable to relax feels tired all of the time. She is running on low energy and is experiencing dizziness. Objective: Shows lethargic looking, pale skin, appears to have lost weight. (Hubert, 2023 p.504)
  - - - Gastrointestinal Problems :waste build up, including nutrients, and fluids. They need somewhere to go as they start to cause discomfort in the stomach. A part of the kidneys primary jobs is to aide in acid-base balance and removal of wastes. (Hubert,2023 p. 493) Obstruction signs would be intense pain in the flank radiating to the groin. Associated with vomiting, cold skin, and quicken heart rate.( Goyal, et all,. 2023 p. 493)
      - Subjective: Patient complains of nausea, throwing up constantly, and loss of appetite.
        Says that she has a stomach ache. .
        Objective: Enlarged abdomen, unable to keep contents of stomach down. Increased heart rate.(Hubert, 2023 p. 493)
  - - - Neurological: build up of toxins, high blood pressure, anemia due to lack of kidney function to promote red blood cell formulation all of these cause impairments in the brain such as low red blood cells oxygenating the cells, glucose for cell energy ATP, and other needed nutrients. Reduces mental functions. (Whelan,2024)