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Building Gran Colubia: Peru - Coggle Diagram
Building Gran Colubia: Peru
Government & Military
key Spanish
viceroyalties
Viceroy Francisco de Toledo-(1569 -1581) -(Viceroyalty of Peru)
Marqués de Montesclaros (1607–15) (Viceroyalty of Peru)
Francisco de Borja y Aragón, Prince de Esquilache (1615–21)(Viceroyalty of Peru)
Don Pedro Antonio Fernández de Castro, 10th Count de Lemos (1667–72)(Viceroyalty of Peru)
Melchor Portocarrero Lasso de la Vega, Count de la Monclova (1689–1705)
(Viceroyalty of Peru)
Military strategies importance
Helped wear down the spanish forces gradually (Military Campaigns)
Political & social tensions
African & indigenous communities need/ assertion for systemic change (“Bolívar in Haiti”)
Uprising against austerity, corruption, and unaccountable politicians.
(“Bolívar in Haiti”)
Key revolutionary leaders
-Antonio José de Sucre
-José de San Martín
(Achievement of Independence)
Economic
Major Exports
Silver
Mercury
Sugar
Cotton
Wool
Rubber
"Viceroyalty of Peru." Britannica, www.britannica.com/place/Viceroyalty-of-Peru. Accessed 13 Mar. 2025.
(Viceroyalty of Peru)
Smale, Melanie. "Title Unknown." Democracy.missouri.edu
Trade Restrictions (Spanish Colonial Economies)
Spanish mercantile restricted colonial trade
Forced Labor systems (Spanish Colonial Economies)
Native people used for cheap labor
Bolívar & Enlightenment
Battles fought by Bolívar
Battle of Ayacucho 1824(Battle of Ayacucho)
Battle of Junín (Battle of Junin)
Bolívars vision
Federation of republics in Spanish America
Kellogg.nd.edu
"Simón Bolívar and Modern Republicanism." .(Simón Bolívar)
Enlightenment thinkers influence on Bolívar
Rousseau
Montesquieu
Locke
"Achievement of Independence." Britannica, (Achievement of Independence)
Social Structures
Racial Hierarchies
Peninsulars: Occupied the highest political, religious roles.
Criollos: Descendants of Spaniards born in the Americas
Mestizos: Descendants of Europeans and indigenous people.
"Spanish Colonization in America: Economy, Society, Administration and Slavery or Traditional Summary." Teachy.app,
"Peninsulares: Historical Meaning & Hierarchy in Spanish Colonies." Study.com,
Groups Fighting For Independence (Achievement of Independence)
Mainly outsiders because of heavy military force , manny forces from argentina helped peru gain independence