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2100-1600 BCE, Great Master Nagarjuna (2nd-3rd CE)
(Profound View…
2100-1600 BCE
1600-1050 BCE
1046-256 BCE
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268-232 BCE
221-206 BCE
206 BCE-220 CE
Western/Former Han (206 BCE-9CE)
(Capital: Chang'an, present day Xi'an)
Confucianism officially establied as basis for Chinese state by Han Wudi (r. 141-86 BCE)
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220-589 CE
Period of disunity and instability following the fall of the Han.
Buddhism introduced to China Cao Wei, Shu Han, Dong Wu.
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581-618 CE
Sui Dynasty
(Capital: Chang'an, present day Xi'an)
618-906 CE
Tang Dynasty
(Capitals: Chang'an, present day Xi'an and Luoyang
907-960 CE
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Padmasambhava (Guru Rinpoche) 8th-9th CE
Attained perfection of both Vajrayana and Sutrayana Buddhism.
Songtsen Gampo (605-650 CE).
is regarded as the founder of the Tibetan Empire and its first emperor, though technically he was the 33rd king of the Yarlung dynasty.
His reign (618-649 CE) marked the unification of Tibet into a centralized empire and the beginning of its imperial era.
Very intelligent and capable emperor of Tibet.
He invigorated Buddhism and established Tibetan written language (adapted from Sanskrit - India)
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Candrakīrti (Indian Buddhist philospher) 7th CE
one of the most influential commentators on Nāgārjuna’s Madhyamaka (Middle Way) philosophy, and the foremost representative of the Prāsaṅgika school.
Kamalaśīla (c. 740–795 CE)
was an Indian Buddhist monk, philosopher, and disciple of Śāntarakṣita. He is best known for his role in the famous Samyé Debate in Tibet, where he defended the Indian gradual path of meditation against the Chinese Chan master Moheyan’s sudden enlightenment approach. His works, especially the Bhāvanākrama (Stages of Meditation), became foundational for Tibetan Buddhism.
Śāntarakṣita (725–788 CE)
was a renowned Indian Buddhist philosopher and abbot of Nalanda University, invited to Tibet by Emperor Trisong Detsen to establish Buddhism there. He founded Samye, Tibet’s first Buddhist monastery, and ordained the first Tibetan monks, formally establishing the Sangha.
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Fourth Council (1st-2nd CE)
(Sarvastivada/Mahayana)
Held in Kashmir, under King Kaniska
Qin Dynasty
(Capital: Chang'an, present day Xi'an. Qin Shihuangdi dies 210 BCE
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Third Council (250 BCE)
Expelled "heretical" monks, standardised doctrine, formalized Pali Canon, under Emperor Asoka
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Great Master Nagarjuna (2nd-3rd CE)
(Profound View Lineage)
Lived in India. Founder of Madhyamaka (Middle Way) school of Mahayana Buddhism.
In Tibetan Buddhism, he is seen as a great master who rediscovered and clarified the Perfection of Wisdom (Prajñāpāramitā) teachings on emptiness.
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Disciples
Aryadeva (The Great Pandit Aryadeva) (3rd CE)
Principal disciple of Nagarjuna, Indian Buddhist monk, scholar, and debater. Regarded in Tibetan Buddhism as one of the great masters who clarified emptiness (śūnyatā)
BC (Before Christ)
BCE (Before Common Era)
AD (Anno Domini)
CE (Common Era)
Often dates will be preceded with a "c." or a "ca." These are abbreviations of the Latin word "circa" which means around, or approximately.
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Yogi Byang‑chub‑rin‑chen (Rinchen Jangchub) (12th-13th CE)
A Tibetan master of the Drigung Kagyu tradition. Remembered for emphasizing that true mastery of Dharma instructions means seeing all scriptures as practice, not just a handful or oral teachings.
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Sanskrit is one of the world’s oldest languages, originating in ancient India around 1500 BCE as Vedic Sanskrit, later evolving into Classical Sanskrit by about 700 BCE. It belongs to the Indo-European language family, specifically the Indo-Iranian and Indo-Aryan branches
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Venerable Taixu (1890-1947)
a Buddhist modernist, activist and thinker who advocated for a reformation and revival of Chinese Buddhism by drawing upon eclectic domestic and foreign sources and ideologies.
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Venerable Fazun (1902-1980)
who played a pivotal role in introducing Tibetan Gelugpa Buddhism to Han Chinese, notably translating Tsongkhapa's Lam rim chen mo. As a key figure in modern Chinese Buddhism, he served as Director of the Sino-Tibetan Buddhist Institute and focused on institutionalizing the dharma through education, with his relics housed in a stupa on Wutai Shan.
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Pali language emerged around 3rd century BCE.
A middle indo-Aryan language, simpler in grammar and pronunciation than Sanskrit.
Became the language of the Theravada Buddhist Canon (Tipitaka)
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Thangtong Gyalpo (1385 CE–1464 CE or 1361CE-1485CE)
is also known as Chakzampa, the "Iron Bridge Maker" (Wylie: lcags zam pa), Tsöndrü Zangpo "Excellent Persistence" (Wylie: brtson 'grus bzang po), and the King of the Empty Plain.
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Nalanda destroyed (12th CE, 1193 CE)
Invasion by Islamic force.
Nalanda (founded in 5th CE, 427 CE)
Vikramashila (founded in late 8th-9th CE)
one of great Buddhist monastic universities of India, alongside Nalanda.
Location: Bhagalpur district, Bihar, India, on the banks of the Ganges.
Destroyed around 1193-1200 CE)
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