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TECHNIQUES OF MODERN GENE TECHNOLOGY - Coggle Diagram
TECHNIQUES OF MODERN GENE TECHNOLOGY
POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ( PCR)
produces large amounts of a specific DNA fragment.
DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible
for making the copies od DNA
An original piece of DNA is used
as a model to make many copies
GEL ELECTROPHORESIS
separate large biological molecules
It helps scientists identify genes or proteins based on their size.
The molecules move in an electric field in a gel,
BLOTTING
technique to isolate individuale DNA molecules
After the DNA molecules have been,
separated by gel electrophoresis
an absorbent material gets put on the gel where it picks up DNA molecules.
Restriction enzymes and ligases
natural enzymes can be use to cut and join pieces of DNA
The DNA ligase
is used to rejoin the pieces of DNA, this is why she is called the DNA glue
GENE INSERTION
a new gene is inserted into the cell’s existing
In animals
the gene can be inserted into an embryo.
This technique is called microinjection.
in plants
the gene can be coated onto tiny metal particles,
bacteria:
the desired gene of the bacteria, which enters the cell of the plant.