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Reproductive System Jasmine Baez Period 5 - Coggle Diagram
Reproductive System
Jasmine Baez
Period 5
Hormones of the
Reproductive System
Male
Testosterone:
Is synthesized from cholesterol, prompts spermatogenesis & targets all accessory organs.
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH):
Stimulates the testes to produce sperm and also helps concentrate testosterone in testes.
Luteinizing Hormone (LH):
Essential for sperm production and the development of male secondary sexual characteristics.
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH):
Stimulates the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH in order to regulate reproductive functions.
Female
Estrogen:
Promotes oogenesis & follicle growth in ovary. Helps induce female secondary characteristics.
Progesterone:
Works with estrogen to establish & regulate uterine cycle. During pregnancy, it inhibits uterine motility and helps prepare the breasts for lactation.
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH):
Stimulates growth of ovarian follicles. Helps produce estrogen. Is essential for ovulation.
Luteinizing Hormone (LH):
Stimulates the varies to produce estrogen and progesterone. A surge in LH triggers ovulation, producing progesterone, to prepare the uterus for potential implantation.
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH):
Stimulates the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH in order to regulate reproductive functions.
Methods & classifications
of contraceptives
Internal Condom:
Latex cover inserted into the vagina.
External Condom:
Latex cover put over the penis.
IUD:
T-shaped device placed inside uterus to prevent/make it difficult for sperm to reach the egg.
Female Sterilization:
Surgical procedure of cutting/blocking fallopian tubes.
Male Sterilization:
Surgical procedure of cutting/blocking
vast deferens.
Anatomy of Female
Reproductive Structures
Fallopian tubes:
Transport eggs from tubes -> ovary -> uterus for fertilization.
Uterus:
Where fertilized eggs develop into a fetus. But if fertilization doesn't occur, the uterine lining sheds through menstruation.
Ovaries:
Produce eggs (ova), secrete hormones, regulate menstrual cycle, and support pregnancy.
Cervix:
The part where the uterus connects to the vagina. Produces mucus to help/block sperm movement, and dilates during childbirth.
Vagina:
Passageway for menstrual flow, sexual intercourse, and childbirth.
External Genitalia:
Includes the labia, clitoris, & vaginal opening, which protects internal reproductive organs & play a role in sexual intercourse.
Mammary Glands:
Not directly part of the Reproductive System but provides nutrition for newborns through milk production.
Major Functions of the
Reproductive System
Male
(doesn't activate till puberty):
1) Form specialized cells for sexual reproduction called
gametes
, in this case sperm.
2) Bring gametes from males/females together through sexual intercourse.
3) Combine genetic info. in gametes through
fertilization
, creating a
Zygote
.
4) Support development of fetus
(gestation).
Female:
1) Form specialized cells for sexual reproduction called
gametes
, in this case
Ova
(eggs).
2) Bring gametes from male/female together through sexual intercourse.
3) Combine genetic info in gametes through
fertilization
, forming a
Zygote
.
4) Support development of fetus
(gestation)
& birth of baby
(parturition)
.
Events of the Female
Hormonal Cycles
3.
Negative feedback inhibits
Gonadotropin
release
4.
Positive feedback stimulates
Gonadotropin
release
2. FSH
&
LH
stimulate follicles to grow, mature, and secret sex hormones
5. LH
surge triggers ovulation & formation of the corpus luteum. Causing
estrogen
levels to decline afterwards.
1. GnRH
stimulates
FSH
&
LH
secretion
6.
Negative feedback inhibits
LH
&
FSH
release
Disorders associated w/
the Reproductive System
Syphilis:
Bacterial infection transmitted sexually or congenitally. Causes sores and rashes around the mouth, vagina, and anus. Treated with antibiotics.
Gonorrhea:
Bacterial infection of mucosae of reproductive & urinary Tracts. Causes burning feeling when urinating, abnormal discharge, painful testicles. Treated with medication.
Trichomoniasis:
Parasitic infection common in women. Causing mild/severe inflammation. Treated with antibiotics.
Chlamydia:
Causes uretheritis; abnormal discharges; abdominal/rectal/testicular pain; irregular menses. Treated with antibiotics.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV):
Most common STI causing
genital warts
in different areas in the body. Vaccination is recommended for ages 11 or 12.
Anatomy of Male
Reproductive Structures
Testes:
Produce gametes & sex hormones.
Ductus Deferens:
Forms the ejaculatory duct.
Scrotum:
Sac of skin & Superficial fascia, contains paired testes. In charge of temperature regulation of the testes.
Urethra:
Conveys both semen and urine out of the same tube, at different times.
Penis:
Helps deliver the sperm to the egg.
Epididymis:
The site of sperm maturation.