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Empirism - Coggle Diagram
Empirism
David Hume’s Empiricist Philosophy
Impressions and Ideas
Impressions
Direct
Vivid sensory experiences.
Ideas
Faint copies of impressions
In memory
Imagination
Causation as a Psychological Habit
We never perceive causality directly
Skepticism about the Self
Are bundle of perceptions
Problem of Induction
Inductive reasoning
From experience
Has no logical justification
Only psychological expectation.
General Characterization of Empiricism (Empiricism Thesis)
Experience as the Foundation of Knowledge
Knowledge arises
From sense perception
And experience
Rejection of Innate Ideas
Humans are born without built-in knowledge
the mind is in
Blanck state
Inductive Reasoning
General knowledge
Is built from specific observations.
Empirical Method
Emphasizes observation
And experimentation.
John Locke’s Empiricist Philosophy
Tabula Rasa
The mind starts as a blank slate
Knowledge is acquired through experience.
Two Sources of Experience
Sensation
External perception
Through senses
Reflection
Internal perception
Of mental processes
Primary and Secondary Qualities
Primary Qualities
Exist in objects
Like
Shape
Motion
Secondary Qualities
Depend on perception
Like
Taste
Color
Simple and Complex Ideas
Simple Ideas
Basic sensory input
Like
Color
Sound
Complex
Combining simple ideas
through mental processes
like
Comparison
Abstraction