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THE CONQUEST AND COLONISTATION OF AMERICA - Coggle Diagram
THE CONQUEST AND COLONISTATION OF AMERICA
CHARACTERITSICT OF THE CONQUEST
They started in the coast and then they go to the internal parts. They idea was to combert the indigenas to christianity.
The large empires were conquered by small groups of conquistadores. The conquest occurred rapidly for various reasons
Internal conflicts
The indigenous peoples in America had suppressed other tribes to gain power, and this caused rivalries. Recruiting groups of indigenous fighters
Military equipment
The conquistadores used firearms, metal armour and horses. The indigenous peoples were not familiar with this equipment.
Tctics
The indigenous empires had hierarchical societies. The conquistadores attacked the centre of each empire to capture the emperor. Without the emperor, the defences collapsed.
The indigenous tribes, on the other hand, were more difficult to conquer.
In rainforests, the conquistadores’ firearms and armour could not be used effectively. Because the avalry charges were impossible, and the humidity
Tribes lived in small territories, so, the conquistadores had to fight numerous exhausting battles.
Their societies were not hierarchical, so the tactic of attacking the leader would not work.
KEY CONQUESTS
Until the year 1515, the Castilian occupation had been limited to the Caribbean islands and the Isthmus of Panama. These areas were used as a base for the conquest’s.
The conquest of the Mayan civilisation
The conquest of the southern regions
The southern part of today’s United States
The conquest of the Inca Empire
The conquest of the Aztec Empire
COLONIAL GOVERMENT
The conquered American territories became part of the Crown of Castilla.The government institutions were established
AUDIENCIAS
As in Castilla, these were the highest judicial institutions. The first was established in Santo Domingo (1511). Then, another 11 in 16th and 17th centuries.
VICEROYALTIES
These were established following the conquest of the pre-Columbian empires.Were large territories governed by a viceroy
COUNCIL OF THE INDIES (1511)
It was the supreme governing body of Spain’s colonies in America. All the laws governing America were drawn up here.
CABILDOS
Cabildos were city councils.
CASA DE CONTRATACIÓN (1503)
It was created to control trade and the exploration and colonisation of the new lands. It was established in Sevilla.
COLONIAL ADMINISTRATION AT THE END OF THE 16TH CENTURY AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
FLOTA DE INDIAS
was a system used by the Hispanic Monarchy to organise its trade monopoly with its colonies. Once a year they go to American ports to collect all goods they won ( silver, golden,...)