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periodic table - Coggle Diagram
periodic table
development of classificaton
mendeleev's periodic law & periodic tables
horizontal line period
all the elements are in same property have simillar property
verticle line -- group
limitation -- he could not define the place of hydrogen
arranged in -- increasing atomic mass
limitation -- elements are arranged in decreasing order
limitation -- he could not define isotopes
russian chemist -- 1869 -- 63 element known
there are 8 groups and 7 period
he left some vacant space in his table
father of periodic table
newland's law of actave
octave -- a group of 8 elements
property of octave -- every eight repeats its property like music vowels
1865 -- 56 elements were known -- english chemist
limitation -- his octave rule is applicable upto calcium (atomic mass = 40)
limitation -- ACC. to newland there will be no future discovered elements
limitation -- two elements were kept in a single slot
dobereiner traids
1817 -- 30 element are known -- german scientist
arranged in increasing atomic mass
limitation -- his trade rule is applicable upto 9 elements
trade 1 -- lithium, sodium, pottasium
trade 2 -- calcium, strantium, barium
trade 3 -- chlorine, bromine, iodine
property of traids -- I + III/2 = II
modern periodic table
groups and their common name
group 2
alkaline earth metal
group 18
noble gas, inter gases
group 17
halogen
group 1
alkali metal
group 16
chalkogen , oxygen family (elements are mostly present in nature as ore
group 15
nitrogen family
group 14
carbon family
group 13
boron family
4 blocks
d block
group 3 - 12
daily use metals, transition metal
p block
group 13 - 18
s block
group 1-2
exception -- hydrogen
f block
lanthanoid, actinoid
28 metals, inner transition metal
18 group and 7 elements
henry moseley -- 1913 -- 118 elements known
trends
mettalic character
down to group
increase
across the period
decrease
non- mettalic character
down to group
decrease
across the period
increase
atomic size
down to group
increase
across the period
decrease
electro negativity
down to group
decrease
across the period
increase
valancy
across the period
first increse upto 4 than decrease upto 0
down to group
same
electro positivity
down to group
increase
across the period
decrease
valance
across the period
increase
down to group
same