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Thread Spacing Measurement Methods - Coggle Diagram
Thread Spacing Measurement Methods
Diffraction
General Method
The laser with a known wavelength will be shone through the fabric, which will act as a diffraction grating to create an interference pattern.
The distance from the centre light maxima to other maxima will be measured to determine the angular position.
The formula d=mλ/sinθ will be used to determine the spacing between warp (vertical) threads.
Pros
Fits with topic of light
Readily available equipment
Not time-consuming
Cons
Assumes thread spacing is equal.
May not work with thicker fabrics.
All equipment must be well aligned.
Microscope
General Method
The fabric will be viewed under a microscope with digital measuring tools, a photo taken through the microscope or a micrometer (a small ruler in the view of the microscope) to determine the spacing.
Pros
Available equipment
Easy to do if the right equipment is available.
Cons
Largely unrelated to the light topic (aside from refraction)
Micrometer may not be available.
Lens may not be powerful enough.
Digital microscope may not have measuring tools.
May be time-consuming if threads must be manually counted.
Optical Profilometry
General Method
The surface of the fabric will be scanned by an optical profilometer to create a 3D map of the surface.
The distance between threads can then be measured.
Pros
High precision
Fits with the topic of light.
Cons
Expensive unavailable equipment
May require a specialist to use.
Too much complexity
Image Analysis
General Method
A high-definition image will be taken of 1cm^3 of a fabric.
Each warp (vertical) thread will be counted and the spacing calculated by dividing 1 by the number of warp threads.
Pros
Relatively easy to do
Cons
Needs a good image resolution.
Requires high-level zoom
Doesn't relate to light topic.