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PSYCOPATHOLGY - Coggle Diagram

- - - - most common spoken form of treatment
      - works on addressing the patterns of which cause mental illness
      - identify the activating events that are causing the depression and therefore the irrational beliefs
      - 4 stage process (identification - identifying the issue, dispute - challenging their beliefs, homework - set homework tasks to improve their mood like this week the focus is on sleep, relaxation - teach ways of coping with anxiety)
      - minimum amount of sessions is 6 (one session a week between 1-2 hours)
      - average cost of a session is £60 - £100
      - A03
        
        expensive
        
        not accessible to everyone (waiting lists and cost)
        
        difficult to pin point the activating event, some people might not have a trigger
- - - - Difficult to prove the worry circuit happens because you cant see
      - fails to consider environmental triggers that will cause OCD
      - practice application - helped us discover drug treatments that have helped with the neurotransmitters in the brain
  - - - could cause negative side effects
      - economical - cheap to mass produce
      - requires little face to face time
      - effective at reducing symptoms but only when the patient is on them
- - - - two process model
        
        idea that were classically conditioned to be scared of something
        
        we are exposed to an unconditioned stimulus (an event that occurs to an unconditioned response of fear) there will be a stimulus that will be present during that fearful event that is known as the neutral stimulus so we will therefore associate the neutral stimulus with the fearful response and eventually the neutral stimulus will become a conditioned stimulus so when exposed you will feel fearful THE PERSON HAS NOW ACQUIRED A PHOBIA - maintained through operant conditioning. by the individual not facing the neutral stimulus the individual is reinforcing the negative connections to it
        
        AO3
        
        Reductionist, breaking down a phobia instead of accepting there may be multiple factors for a phobia like survival (fear of heights or sharks)
        
        determinstic approach - not everyone that is exposed to a fearful situation will gain a phobia
        
        fails to explain the phobias people have when they dont have any exposure to it (fear of death)
    - - flooding - extreme exposure to the stimulus - this will cause the person to enter fight or flight and remain in contact with the stimulus until the body exits fight or flight
        
        unethical
        
        long time psychological damages
        
        develop other phobias when exposed
        
        need to be physically healthy, certain age to take part
      - Systematic descensitation - starts with developing a fear hierarchy, they will get them to develop a hierarchy of least fearful to most and then will go through potential relaxation techniques and these will alert them on how to calm themselves down and then they will gradually expose them to each stage of the hierarchy - they will then get them to use the relaxation techniques to calm themselves down and they won't progress to the next stage until the individual is ready to do so
        
        difficult to expose them to certain phobias
        
        more appropriate technique, anyone can use it
        
        more ethical, goes at patients pace (less likely to have exposure to stress because they're more in control )