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Problem: students are stressed by having only 2 exams (midterm and final)…
Problem
: students are stressed by having only 2 exams (midterm and final) in courses
Who is it a problem for?
Students
professors
Why is this a problem that needs solved?
Students get stressed
Not enough opportunities to show understanding
Impacts psychological and cognitive abilities
One or two performances judge student's ability/understanding puts a lot of pressure
How do we know it's a problem?
Personal experience
Research from Cornell Uni Medical School (par. 2)
Article from journal Psychological Science support more testing (par. 4)
UCLA study supports more recall = more learning(par. 4)
What is a solution that could be implemented?
More frequent testing
How would this solution solve or help solve the problem?
Decreases anxiety and procrastination (par. 7)
How does O'Malley support this reason?
Researchers at the Uni Vermont findings
More professor feedback helps learning (par 4)
How does O'Malley support this reason?
Psycholigical Science article
Karpicke and Blunt source
UCLA psychological Robert Bjork
Encourages better study habits (par. 6)
How does O'Malley support this reason?
Personal experience/anecdotal evidence
Refer back to Harvard study (from par. 5)
Students want more feedback (par. 5)
How does O'Malley support this reason?
Harvard study by Light
Frederiksen
Why might some disagree with this solution? (counterarguments)
Professors might think it takes too much time from class
How does O'Malley acknowledge the concerns/counter argument without changing the solution he's presenting?
Offers alternatives - short quizzes or multiple choices
Professors worry it will add a lot of work grading
How does O'Malley acknowledge the concerns/counter argument without changing the solution he's presenting?
Explains that this is a reasonable concern
Alternatives - grade a s credit/no credit
Only collect/give feedback every few weeks
What about alternative solutions?
Implement program to improve study skills (par. 11)
Uses research to show how it might help
This could be effective, but it's complicated, time consuming, expensive -- the first solution seems better
Provide study questions more frequently (par. 12)
If not required, students may not benefit
Provide study guides for midterm/final
Would reduce studnys' anxiety and clarify course goals
Still wouldn't motivate students