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Lipids: triglycerides, phospholipids, sterols, polyunsaturated and…

- - - - AA, EPA, DHA = precursors to eicosanoids: hormonelike
        
        Thromboxanes, leukotrienes, prostaglandins
  - - - Cis and Trans fats
    - - Omega 3 fatty acid, omega 6 fatty acid
      - Linoleic acid, alpha linolenic acid (essential)
        
        alpha: 1.6g M / 1.1g F & linoleic: 17g M / 12g F
  - - - water
        
        hydrophilic: likes water
        
        hydrophobic: hates water
      - partially water soluble
      - Emulsifier: helps water soluble and water insoluble compounds mix with each other
      - Choline: water soluble vitamin
      - Sterols
        
        chemically complex lipid
        
        info
        
        Cholesterol: lipid in animal foods
        
        plant sterols: chemicals found in plants similar to cholesterol \ has blood cholesterol lowering properties
        
        Lipid digestion
        
        info
        
        Lipases: enzymes that break down lipids. (pancreatic lipase, bile salts
        
        Lipid absorption
        
        Micelles: structures to be suspended in watery digestive juices
        
        fat malabsorption: impaired fat absorption
        
        Lipid transportation
        
        Chylomicron: transport lipids away from the GI tract
        
        Lipoproteins: transport lipids through the bloodstream
        
        VLDL: made in liver carries triglycerides in bloodstream
        
        HDL: cholesterol away from tissue to liver
        
        LDL: carries cholesterol into tissues (low density)
        
        LPL: enzyme in capillary walls that breaks down triglycerides
        
        CA
        
        Enterohepatic circulation of bile: recycles bile salts in the body (gallstones, cholecystectomy, steatorrhea)
        
        info
        
        Atherosclerosis: plague builds up inside arterial walls (homocysteine amino acid = homocysteinuria \ HDL and LDL
        
        Arteriosclerosis: loss of arterial flexibility
        
        CVD: group that affect the heart and blood vessles
        
        myocardial infarction: blocked blood flow to heart muslce and muscle dies. (thrombus and stroke)
        
        hs CRP: protein in liver for inflammation
        
        if high in fat: stroke, certain cancers, obesity, heart disease
        
        end products: fatty acids and monoglycerides and glycerol
      - A phospholipid molecule contains a glycerol backbone, a phosphorus group, and two fatty acids.