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Concept Map 5 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Chronic disease: higher rates of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity
      - Access to healthcare: barriers such as distance, lack of providers, and cultural differences
    - - Psychological well-being: high rates of depression, anxiety, PTSD, and substance abuse
      - Historical trauma: generational trauma from colonial history affecting mental health
    - - Holistic approach: health is seen as the balance of physical, mental, spiritual, and emotional well-being
      - Traditional medicine: use of indigenous healing practices, community care, and spiritual healing
  - - - Economic status: poverty, unemployment, and lack of economic opportunities contributing to stress and poorer health
      - Social environment: family, community support, and cultural identity
    - - Chronic stress: stress related to historical trauma and present-day discrimination
      - Coping mechanisms: substance abuse, unhealthy behaviors, and lack of mental health resources
    - - Internalized racism: impact on self-esteem and mental health
      - Systemic racism: structural inequalities in healthcare, education, and employment
  - - - Loss of land and culture: forced relocation, genocide, and suppression of indigenous languages and practices
      - Displacement: impact on identity, community, and connection to traditional knowledge
    - - Loss of traditional knowledge: colonization led to the erasure of cultural health practices
      - Imposition of western health models: indigenous health needs were ignored in favor of western biomedical models
    - - Economic marginalization: continued poverty and lack of resources
      - Political exclusion: native peoples' lack of agency in health policy decisions
- - - - Historical trauma: transgender and Two-Spirit youth are affected by the historical trauma faced by Indigenous communities, including forced assimilation, displacement, and cultural erasure. This trauma affects their mental health, contributing to a higher risk of depression, PTSD, and suicidal ideation
      - Barriers to mental health support: lack of culturally competent mental health services and societal discrimination exacerbate the mental health challenges these youth face
    - - Cultural alienation: transgender and Two-Spirit youth may experience rejection from both their Indigenous communities and the larger society, leading to isolation
      - Transgender and Two-Spirit identities: transgender and Two-Spirit youth face compounded stigma due to their gender identity and ethnic background, leading to heightened stress, anxiety, and depression
  - - - Holistic health: indigenous health incorporates a holistic approach, emphasizing balance between physical, emotional, spiritual, and mental well-being
      - Traditional healing: many indigenous peoples, including transgender and Two-Spirit youth, often turn to traditional healers or practices for medical care, which may not be acknowledged or supported in mainstream healthcare systems
    - - Colonization impact: colonization disrupted Indigenous health practices, leading to a reliance on western medicine, which may not always respect Indigenous worldviews or needs
      - Health disparities: Indigenous communities, including transgender and Two-Spirit youth, face higher rates of mental health issues, substance abuse, and chronic illness due to historical trauma, lack of access to culturally competent healthcare, and economic marginalization
  - - - Erasure of Two-Spirit roles: colonization imposed binary gender roles, which led to the marginalization of the Two-Spirit identity in many Indigenous communities. This history of cultural suppression affects how transgender and Two-Spirit youth are viewed and treated in contemporary society
      - Displacement and disruption of community structures: colonization disrupted Indigenous communities, leading to displacement and a loss of cultural cohesion. This disruption has long-lasting effects on social support systems that are critical to mental and physical health
    - - Ongoing structural inequalities: Indigenous transgender and Two-Spirit youth continue to face colonial legacies in the form of poor access to healthcare, low socioeconomic status, and systemic racism in healthcare settings
      - Colonial medical systems: the imposition of western medical systems during colonization has led to the marginalization of traditional healing practices, which many Indigenous youth may prefer or need