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REALISM, LIBERALISM, CONSTRUCTIVISM - Coggle Diagram
REALISM
assumptions
states are considered to be ractional actors, but this does not mean that they always act in a rational way
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because search of security is a competitive endevor, conflict and competition are inherent in world politics
realism observes that groups exsist in an anarchical world, in which there is no higher authority
this sameness is a pattern due to the result of international anarchy. with no higher authority state are always in seekness for security and to be fearful of each other
is a traditional way of thinking international policies invented in 20th century, that sees international relations as a struggle for power and security among competing nations in a dangerous world
propositions
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realists also focus on the problem of power transitions. these moment are fought with danger but not necessarily end in a war
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hans morgenthau
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stesses that power is necessary to pursue the national interest. also power is tangible because it can be used in differnt domains
NEOREALISM
Kenneth Waltz
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2 main actors:
- units that interact with each other
- structure that keeps the units togheter
- once you have the states the system becomes independent and once in operation it starts to influences other actors
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is a theory of IR based on the structure of international law that explains how the international system influence the behaviour of the states
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LIBERALISM
assumptions
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for the fact that individuals compose groups and political communities, nation-states and the states system are important
individuals have incentives and impulses imbedded in deep society structure to trade, negotiate, cooperate
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propositions
commercial liberalism
market societies and economic interdependence tend to have a pacifying impact on relations among states
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institutional liberal theory --> states will build international relations around international law and istitutions
functionalism
liberal idea that istitutions are tools to overcome barriers of distrust and develope more efficeitnn forms of cooperations
transnationalism --> the tendency of grroup whitin countries to build cooperative associations with groups of pther countries
cosmopolitanism --> the idea that all humans are, or should be, considered part of a single world community
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IS a school of IR, an ideology, a political project, whose main principle are:
- legal equality
- rule of law
CONSTRUCTIVISM
proposition
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states operate whitin a global civil society. in this sense constructivism is compatible with cosmopolitan liberal view of society
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Is a theory,of international relations that focuses on the role of ideas, norms and identities shaping international relations