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The Infinitive and the Gerund - Coggle Diagram
The Infinitive and the Gerund
The Bare Infinitive
After modal verbs (can, may, must, should, etc.).
The police
must
investigate
the nature of the crime.
The lawyer
can
prove
the innocence of the accused.
The firm
should
improve
its security measures.
After the verbs
let
and
make
in the Active Voice
The con man
made
his accomplice
distract
the victim.
The lawyer
let
the witness
describe
the incident.
The judge
let
the defendant
speak
in his defense.
After
would rather
and
had better
.
You
’d better
pay
the fine or face legal consequences.
The kidnapper
would rather
remain
anonymous.
The victim
would rather
not speak
about the incident.
The Full Infinitive
To express purpose
The con man used his charm
to gain
confidence from unsuspecting victims.
The thief broke into the firm
to steal
important documents.
The scammer created a fake company
to deceive
someone into investing.
After it + be + adjective
It was difficult
to find
evidence against the con man.
It’s dangerous
to drive
under the influence of alcohol.
It’s illegal
to hack
into a retailer’s database.
After the first/second/last/best, etc.
The thief was
the first
to break into
the firm’s office.
The robber was
the second
to be arrested for
the jewelry store robbery.
The victim was
the first
to accuse
the con man of fraud.
After certain adjectives (afraid, surprised, free, happy, ready, sorry)
The hacker was
happy
to release
the stolen files for ransom.
The victim was
surprised
to find
the scammer using a false name.
The prisoner was
ready
to serve
time in jail for his crimes.
After
too
and
enough
The evidence was
too
weak
to find
him guilty.
The thief was
too
careless
to cover
his tracks.
The witness was brave
enough
to testify
against the murderer.
After certain verbs (afford, agree, appear, etc.)
The con man
agreed
to return
the stolen valuables.
The thief couldn’t
afford
to hire
a lawyer.
The accomplices
managed
to escape
from the crime scene.
After the objects of certain words (advise, allow, etc.)
The judge
allowed
the lawyer
to present
new evidence.
The victim’s family
advised
him
to report
the scam.
The detective
encouraged
the witness
to speak
up.
After question words (how, what, when, where, etc. but not why)
The police wondered
where
to find
the stolen merchandise.
The lawyer knew exactly
what
to say
to convince the jury.
The officers discussed
when
to make
the arrest.
The Gerund
As a noun (subject or object of a verb)
Hacking
is a serious crime.
The gang denied
committing
the robbery.
Shoplifting
is considered a minor offense compared to murder
After the verb go, indicating physical activities
The detective
went
searching
for evidence.
The gang
went
scouting
for potential targets.
The hacker
went
looking for
weak points in the system.
After certain verbs (avoid, enjoy, etc.)
The hacker
considered
hacking
the system a challenge.
The retailer
denied
smuggling
illegal goods.
The con man
enjoys
tricking
people.
After certain expressions (be interested in, can't stand, etc.
The detective
was interested in
solving
the case.
The victim
didn’t mind
testifying
in court.
The lawyer
was tired of
arguing
with the prosecutor.
After prepositions
The con man was arrested
for
committing
fraud.
The lawyer succeeded
in
proving
the suspect’s innocence.
The kidnapper was accused
of
taking
advantage of the victim.