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Chapter 7: What is a Process? - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 7: What is a Process?
What is a Process?
a collection of tasks, steps or activities that are preformed, usually in a specific order, and result in an end product such as tangible good or provision of a service
the output is the result of the case: a bargin with prosecutors, a win or loss in court, or dismissal of charges prior to court
4 layers in process: The Steps, Processing Time, Interdependencies, Resources and Assignment
The Steps: often put on paper, Standard Operating Procedures (SOP); a process map that uses standard shapes and connections to create a map of a process that can understood by most employees and any Six Sigma team Member
Process Time: retail chain can create a process map for restocking a certain area, use info to reduce stocking
Interdependencies: can be noted on process maps or can be resource-related: needed because you might need help from process or people upstream from your process when making improvements or you have to know how your improvements will impact downstream processes and people
Resources and Assignment: understand which resources are needed, cost
Major Process Components
components include inputs, outputs, events, tasks, and decisions; inputs enter the process when a specific event occurs, tasks and decisions are preformed upon or with inputs, at end the output is generated
Inputs: anything that enters a process or is required to enter a process to drive the creation of an output
Outputs: the service or product that is used by the customer of the process; customers can be internal or external, oor not even a person; an output is almost always of more value to the ultimate process than the input is; the process itself involves adding value of some kind to its inputs
Events: specific, predefined criteria or actions that cause a process to begin working, a process that performs well responds to an event; helps understand why a process is being performed and whether the process is being run when it isn't needed
Tasks: heart of the process, inputs turned into outputs
Decisions: closely related to tasks, typically governed by a set of rules, formally documented or informal rules run along with staff knowledge and experience
Process Owners
process owners can be the people with the power to approve changes; some lowest-level owners might not have veto or decision power about changes but is held responsible for the process
responsibilities: monitor process performance, understand the process fitting into overall business, ensure process is documented through SOP's stating process is accurate, ensures process has resources and training
Data
defines whether a process is in control and successful
Defining Process Components: The SPIOC
stands for supplier, inputs, process, outputs and customer
supplier: people or processes and organizations that supply inputs to your process,
Customer: are people processes and organizations that supply inputs to your process
Benefits: effective and simple, used in single brainstorming session, infinitely scaleable
4 Steps to create SIPOC Diagram, create swim lines, set boundaries and name your process, complete swim lanes, validate the information,
Tips for a SIPOC Brainstorming Session
write on large paper, white board or sticky notes