Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Nationalism - The Patriots and the Volunteers - Coggle Diagram
Nationalism - The Patriots and the Volunteers
Ireland 1774
protestants dominated over catholics called protestant ascendancy
official protestant church of Ireland
Penal Laws restricted catholics
Government of Ireland
had own gov in 1774 but wasn't independent so shared British Monarch
Poynings Law and Declaratory Act of 1720 meant British Government could make laws in Irland
Lord Lieutenant was monarch representative in Ireland
Chief secretary led the Government
they appointed anglo-irish class to gov positions
The patriots
Patriots were protestant members of anglo-irish and wanted constitutional reform of anglo-irish relationship
leading patriots included Irish MPs like Henry Grattan
wanted increase in Irish legal powers
wanted repeal of poynings and declaratory act
wanted independent Irish judiciary and increased control over Irish military
wanted trade law reforms
didn't seek complete separation from Britain
Impact of American revolution
war 1775 led to American declaration of independence
war was from 1775 to 1783
Irish patriots sympathised with American rebels
trade embargo put in place with American colonies had detrimental impact on Irish economy
strengthened patriots campaign for free trade
The volunteers
paramilitary group formed in Belfast in 1778 to originally defend Ireland from potential French invasion
became an armed wing of the patriots
1779 Volunteers had a great parade in Dublin saying 'free trade or else'
due to armed forces fighting in America GB lifted restrictions on Irish trade
The constitution of 1782
Volunteer met at Dungannon in Ulster in 1782 called for repeal of both acts
The GB gov accepted their demands also granting them an independent judiciary
now Ireland had greater control over its own laws and couldn't be modified by the British gov
Henry Grattan did a famous speech in the Irish House of Commons declaring 'Ireland is now a nation'
Parliament between 1782-1800 known as ' Grattans Parliament'
limits
Catholics not emancipated by it
system of electing Irish MPs was unreformed (attempts made in 1780s by Henry Flood but not supported by most patriots)
still effectively a wing of the British government
all leading officials in Dublin Castle all responsible to and appointed by the British government
The Act of Union
formation of formal union called United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
led to abolition of 'Grattan's Parliament'
Irish MPs sat in Westminster Parliament