Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Nationalism - Separatism in early 20th century - Coggle Diagram
Nationalism - Separatism in early 20th century
The Celtic revolt
Home Rule was overwhelmingly supported by Irish voters in 1885, 1886 and 1892 elections
Led to formation of the Gaelic League to promote use of Irish language and de-anglicise Ireland
The outbreak of war between Britain and the Boers (Dutch with South African decent) led to separatist sentiment in Ireland with the centenary commemorations of 1798 rebellion in 1898 100,000 atteneded
Formation of Sinn Fein in 1805
Arthur Griffth founded as a separatist organisation
Reflected IPP's approach of seeking Home Rule
wanted Irish economic independence aiming to protect Irish industry from Britain
Griffth supported separatism but not armed rebellion like IRB
The third Home Rule Bill 1912
Irish party led by John Redmond regained influence after having balance of power in 1910 election
liberal party under Asquith reliant on Irish support so introduced 3rd home rule bill in 1912
Parliament act 1911 meant House of Lords could only delay legislation by 2 years not veto
meant home rule passed in 1814
unionist opposition grew in Ulster fearing catholic dominance and economic harm under home rule
Unionist resistance and UVF 1912-1913
Sir Edward Carson led the Ulster unionist opposing home rule
signing of the solemn league and covenant in 1912 pledging resistance (signed by 1/2 million)
Andrew Bonar Law (conservative leader) supported Unionist resistance
1913 formed UVF (ulster volunteer force)
parliamentary group to resist home rule
grew to 80,000 members and armed through Larne gun-running
Irish Volunteer Force 1913
gained 180,000 members
in response to the UVF
to ensure home rule and protect nationalist interest
began arming themselves esculating tensions
Howth gun - running incident
By 1914 Ireland was on verge of civil war over home rule as each group supported by large paramilitary group
highlighted double standards in the governments treatment in unionists and nationalists deepening distrust
outbreak of WW1 postponed implementation of Home rule as act was passed but application delayed due to overall shift in focus to war efforts however underlying tensions remained
IVF imported arms in July 1914 at Howth leading to clash with British troops leading to civilian deaths
The Curragh Mutiny in 1914
showed British government couldn't enforce home rule in Ulster with military
demonstrated widespread military sympathy for unionist resistance
March 1910 British army officers stationed at Curragh barracks refusing to take action against UVF