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earthquakes and volcanoes - Coggle Diagram

- - - - shield volcanoes have gentle slopes that are less then 10°. threy erupt more fluid lava called basalt. basalt is high in temperature, very low in silica with low gas content. very low explosive activity
        this means it can flow further, this is why they are so flat.They are usually found on constructive plate boundaries where the plate is thinner.
    - - also called strato or composite volcanoes, produces lava that doesn't flow far from where it erupted. the cooler the lava = the thicker it is. Viscuous lava creates greater pressure wich leads to explosive eruptions. the lava builds up to a cone shape. these are found mainly at destructive boundaries.
  - - - inner core, outer core, mantle and crust
    - - past each other= transform fault
      - plates seperate = divergent fault - constructive boundary
      - colliding plates -vertical movements - destructive boundary - subduction
    - - rayleigh waves - up and down movement of rock particles - arrive last - move along earth surface - cause greatest damage
      - primary waves forward and backward movement of rock particles
        
        p arrives first folled by s waves - they move through earths crust
      - secondary waves - rock particles move perpendicular to wave
      - liquifaction -where loose soil or sandy soils become unstable and act like a liquid. the ground compacts for 4 or 5 metres leaving the water on top.