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The Land War - The campaign for tenant rights - Coggle Diagram
The Land War - The campaign for tenant rights
The tenant league
formed around 1850
formed by Charles Gavan Puffy and Sir John Gray
Wanted to address the grievances of tenant farmers
1870 conference in Dublin
Aim of 3F's in 1881 Land Act were based upon
The "Ulster Custom" and Free Sale
Reflected tenant ownership of the land giving a degree of security and investment incentive
mean tenants had greater degree of security of tenure and had certain rights like passing on their property and protections against arbitrary evictions
a historical practice
involved compensation for improvements which included investments on the land (eg. buildings)
The 3F's
Fixity of tenure - right to remain on a holding
'fair rent'
'Free sale' - allowed tenants to sell their lease to others
The Dublin Land Conference 1870
Gladstone became PM in 1868 and pledged to 'pacify Ireland'
1869 Irish Church Act established the Catholic Irish Church
1870 introduced land reform bill
Tenant League conference in Dublin
held a week before it was passed
demanded right of free sale and establishment of local land courts to set rents
had representatives from segments of Irish society
attended by Isaac Butt and Sir John Gray
Passed resolutions condemning 'capricious eviction' so could only be evicted for non payment of rent
Problems of Irish tenants
agrarian question - those who rented land from a landlord and were tenants at will like cotiers on short term rental agreements leading to evictions on a whim so they couldn't invest in their farms
The famine - exacerbated existing issues which was the vulnerability of tenants to arbitrary evictions by landlords
rack renting - rent is set at a level that stretches resources of the tenants abd had to accept these terms directed by landlords