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COGNITIVIST THEORIES - Coggle Diagram
COGNITIVIST THEORIES
Reception Learning
David Paul Ausebel
American Psychologist
educational psychology
theory of meaningful learning
advance organizers
Advance Organizers
Expository
Comparative
Narrative
Skimming for information
Nonlinguistic representation
visual or nonverbal
to locate quickly
storytelling
compare and contrasts
summary or overview
knowledge from what is already known
effective learning when information is presented in a structure
Insight Theory
Wolfgang Kohler
German psychologist
Gestalt psychology
insight learning
learning from insight
sudden grasp of a situation
intellectual ability
previous experiences.
reasoning
is suitable only
for intelligent creatures
observation
Gestalt Psychology
Kurt Koffka
Max Wertheimer
how
people perceive stimuli and experiences as a whole
Cognitive Theory
mental processes
influences constructivism and social learning
perception
memory
problem-solving
Key Concepts
Mental Representation
Information Processing
Constructivism
Cognitive Load Theory
John Sweller
limited capacity
Core Concepts
Types of Cognitive Load
Intrinsic Load
Extraneous Load
Germane Load
Working Memory vs. Long-Term Memory
Cognitive Development Theory
Jean Piaget
learners construct their own understanding
Developmental Stages
Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete Operational
Formal Operational
hypothetical reasoning
logical thinking
symbolic play
object permanence
Implications
Appropriate Practices
Active Learning
Exploration
Scaffolding
Constructivism
Piaget
knowledge is actively built by learners as they
engage with their surroundings
Lev Vygotsky
active role of learners
how it applies to learning
Active Learning
Knowledge Construction
Problem-Based Learning
Scaffolded Learning
Inquiry-Based Learning
Social Interaction
Discovery learning
Jerome Bruner
American psychologist
cognitive
psychology and educational theory
exploration by learners to construct own understanding
inquiry-based method
Performing experiments
Researching information
Manipulating objects
Other viewpoints
Asking questions
Debates
Discussing misconceptions with the teacher
Cognitive Learning Process
mental activities and mechanisms
Goals
Purposive behavior
Insight
Goal achievement
Cognitive Learning Theories
emphasizes mental processes
how people acquire, process, and store knowledge
Information Processing Theory
Proponents
George A. Miller
Richard Robert Shiffrin
Richard C. Atkinson
John R. Anderson
Components
Sensory Memory
Short-Term Memory
Long-Term Memory
Memory Enhancing Strategies
Encoding Strategies
Mnemonics
Chunking
Mind Maps
Elaborative Rehearsal
Visualization
Storage Strategies
Practice
Organization
Semantic Encoding
Retrieval Strategies
Practice Retrieval
Contextual Cues
Elaborative Encoding
Lifestyle Factors
Sleep
Healthy Diet
Regular Exercise
Stress Management
Tech Tools
Apps and Tools
Note-Taking
Learning Styles
Engagement
Reinforcement
Retention
Comprehension