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Program Elements - Coggle Diagram

- - - - ✅ Class Components:
        
        Class Name – Identifies the class.
        
        Attributes (Member Variables / Fields) – Store object data.
        
        Methods (Member Functions) – Define behavior.
        
        Return Type – Data type of the returned value (void, int, string, etc.).
        
        Method Name – Identifies the function.
        
        Parameters – Input values to the method.
        
        Method Body – The logic inside the method.
        
        Local Variables – Temporary data storage within the method.
        
        Expressions and Statements – Instructions for calculations, assignments, and function calls.
        
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        Conditional Statements – Decision-making logic (if, else, switch).
        
        Looping Statements – Repeating logic (for, while, do-while).
        
        Function Calls – Invoking other methods inside the method.
        
        Exception Handling – Managing errors (try, catch, throw).
        
        Return Statement – Specifies the value returned by the method (if applicable).
        
        Access Modifier – Controls visibility (public, private, etc.).
        
        Constructors – Special methods that initialize new objects.
        
        Destructors – Clean up resources when an object is destroyed.
        
        Access Modifiers – Control visibility (public, private, protected).
        
        Static Members – Belong to the class, not instances.
        
        Encapsulation Mechanisms – Getters and Setters.
        
        Inheritance – Allows a class to extend another class.
        
        Polymorphism – Overriding and overloading methods
    - - Interface Name – Identifies the interface.
        
        Abstract Methods (Pure Virtual Functions) – Defined without implementation.
        
        Constants (Optional) – Fixed values shared across implementations.