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- - - - the first world war
    - - imperialist ambitions
        
        Germany had been left at disadvantage relative to France and Great Britain
        
        at the start of the 20th century the second german empire was Europe's main industrial and economic power
        
        it claimed its own colonies
      - an aggressive diplomacy
        
        each power tried to protect its interests by seeking alliances
        
        international organisations was created to discuss conflicts between states
      - nationalist rivalries
        
        two of the biggest industrial powers
        
        France
        
        Germany
        
        they remained hostiles because...
        
        during the process of german unification the Prussians had defited France in the Franco-Prussian war
        
        seized the territories of Alsace-Lorraine
        
        different peoples fought to gain independence or expand their stated
        
        such as the kingdom of Serbia which was supported by Russia
        
        agains a ribal of Austria-Hungary
      - the arms race
        
        the atmosphere of rivarly and imperialist ambitions
        
        diplomatic initiatives designed to prepare for war rather than avoid it
        
        due to tecnological and industrial progress, countries started industrial manufactoring of new nore deadly weapons
    - - the first metal aeroplane by the German compan Junkers
      - inventions of enormous destructive powere were
        
        machine guns
        
        tanks
        
        armoured vehicles
        
        lethal mustard gas
        
        killed people and left the enviroment polluted and barren
        
        airships
        
        zeppelins
  - - - it was formed by: Italy, Germany and Austria-hungary
        
        later Italia abandoned this bloc
        
        Ottoman empire (1914) and Bulgaria (1915) yoined once the war started
    - - it was formed by France, Russia and Great britain,
        
        and its respective colonial empires
        
        wen Italy abandoned the triple alliance, joined the triple entente because his rivality with Austro-Hungarian empire
        
        the united states join the war 1917
        
        and plays a decisive rol
- - - - because of the modernity of new weapons deployed on the battlefield
      - this factors vanished as the war fronts stablised
  - - - trench warfare or war of position
      - both armies were unable to advance
        
        war came to a stanstill
        
        terrible looses of human life
      - to protect themselves the had to dig complex systems of trenching
        
        from North see to switzerland bacame a dead trap
        
        some conditions pushed human suffering to the extend
        
        snow
        
        mud
        
        cold
        
        rats
        
        rain
        
        lice
        
        ilnes
        
        the harsh conditions of trench warfaretook place in each battle led to riots and mass desertation among the troops
        
        during this period the war spread to other parts
        
        the war reached Africa the aegean region, the caucasus and the middle east
    - - one of the bloodiest battles of the Great war
        
        700000 casualities
      - it lasted over 10 months
  - - - the spark was the assassination of the crown prince of the Austro-Hungarian empire
      - on 28 june 1914 archiduke Franz Ferdinand was shot in sarajevo
      - by Gavrilo Princip, a serbian separatist
    - - Austria-Hungary threatened to annex Serbia
      - Russia defended Serbia
      - all the alliances react:
        
        germany attacked France
        
        Great britain came to defende
  - - - this finally happened in april 1917
        
        the president of US Woodrow Wilson proposed a peace plan known as Wilson's fourteen pionts
    - - emperor William II abdicated and the weimar republic was proclaimed
- - - - germany, austro-hungarian, russia and ottoman empre disappered
      - united states emerged as a great world power
    - - in place of ottoman empire turkey and the beginning of the future saudi arabia were created
      - alsace-lorraine were returned to france
      - as a result of the disintegration of Austro-hungarian emire
        
        hungary
        
        czechoslovakia
        
        austria
        
        yugoslavia
      - german colonies were divided between
        
        belgium and the british
        
        france and japan
    - - russia and france suffered the most
      - germany had to pay a high price in war conpensation to other countries
    - - milion soldiers killed
      - seven million civilian deaths
      - even higer number of people wounded
  - - - this include economic, military and territorial agreements
      - german people saw it as a humiliation
    - - its ovjetives were to establish international relations in which peace was the fundamental principle
      - that doesn't mean the end of the problems
    - - hig financial conpensation for winers
      - a creation of a demilitarized zone in german territory bordering france and limiteing the army to 100000 men
      - exclusion from the league of nations
      - proibition of union between germany and austria