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Classification of materials - Coggle Diagram
Classification of materials
physical properties
electrical conductivity
The ability to allow electric current to pass through
heat/ thermal conductivity
It is the ability to transfer heat energy from one place to another.
Metal are good thermal / heat conductors Non-metals are poor conductors of thermal / heat.
e.g. metals are good conductors of heat, so they are used to make pots and pans.
hardness
It is the ability to withstand wear-and-tear and scratches.
Hard materials can scratch soft materials.
e.g. diamond is used in many grinding wheels or as a cutting tool because it is the hardest material.
strength
It is the ability to support a heavy load without breaking / tearing or how much an object can resist being damaged or broken.
Some metals are not strong when they are pure, so they are combined with other elements to make them stronger. An alloy is a mixture of a metal with other elements.
Steel is used instead of pure iron in making a bicycle frames because it has a higher strength.
flexibility
The ability to bend without breaking
melting point
The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid
eg. Ice melts into water at 0*C
boiling point
The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas
eg. Water boils and becomes water vapour at 100*C
Types of materials
Plastics
Strong
Light
Flexible
Low density
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Can be moulded into shapes
Glass
Brittle
Can be moulded into shapes
Transparent
High melting point
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Fibres
Low density
Flexible
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Ceramics
Hard
Brittle
High melting point
Can be moulded into shapes
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Metals
Shiny
Good conductors of heat and electricity
High melting and boiling points
Flexible
Alloys
Stainless steel
Brass
Bronze
Solder