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Threat of Wales and Scotland under Will I - Coggle Diagram
Threat of Wales and Scotland under Will I
Scotland
Threat
King Malcom raids in 1070,1079, 1090, 1093
Scotland help English exiles such as Edgar and Tostig
Will invades in 1072
Only the 2nd English King at that time to do so
Shows how much a threat Scotland were as William had to do that
Malcom accepts Will as Overlord and exiles Edgar to flanders, although continues raiding in 1079
Not a threat
King Malcom (the real threat) killed in 1093 during a raid into Northumrbia
Scotland have own internal issue post Malcom of finding a new King
1100 Henry I marries Edgar's (new King of Scotland) sister Mathilda
Marc Morris describes Scotland as being nothing more than an irritant
Wales
Threat
1067 raids into Shrewsbury encourage the creation of the new marcher earldoms chester, hereford and shrewsbury
1075 Earl of Hereford (a marcher lord) involved in the rebellion of the earls, briefly threatens border security but rebellion short lived
Will II forced to invade in 1095 and again in 1097, Henry I ultimately loses majority of advancements in Wales due to focus on Robert
Not a threat
1063 HG defeats a briefly united Wales
1067 Implementation of Marcher lords (given land for protecting the borders). Creates three new earldoms, Hereford, Shrewsbury and Chester. Increased border security as protect the border in exchange for land
1093 Marcher Castle at Pembroke (South-West corner of Wales)
Southern Wales accept Normans as overlords, trade agreements with them. However not with Northern Wales who still raid
1081 Will leads an army through Wales, just to calm down though and builds a ceremonial palace (sign of better relations)
Not really a threat, implementation of Marcher lords mean Will doesn't have to be to involved