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Toxic chemicals in the Baltic Sea - Coggle Diagram
Toxic chemicals in the Baltic Sea
Effects of pollutants in the aquatic environment.
Persistent organic pollutants (POP)
Metals
Cadmium, Hg, Lead
Toxic chemicals in the baltic sea
General
Traditional organic chemical
Newer original chemicals
heavy metals
Effects
Radioactivity
Chemical contaminants
Effects
Biomagnification
White-tailed eagle and DDT
The seals and PCBs
Damage to the immune and reproductive systems
the seals are recovering
The effects of chemicals on the organisms
Mixture/combined/joint effects of different chemicals and environmental conditions
Oil
Complex liquid mixture of hydrocarbons that varies
Oil spils and curses of the baltic sea
Complex shape of the coastline
Seasons: Winter and spring are more dangerous
Warfare
After the war about 40 000 tons of chemical munitions dumped to the baltic sea
Dumped chemical warfare (nerve gases etc)
Now: number of munitions caught in fishermen's net reduced
Marine litter
Land or ocean based
Plastic debris in the environment
Recent surveus indicate that the amount of macrosized litter is not increasing in all places.
average size of the plastic debris is decreasing
Types od micro plastics
Classification by size
Classification by shape
Fragments, pellets, filaments, Granules
What about in the baltic
Plastic in the shoers is more ocean-based in the North and the Baltic Seas.
Beach litter: amount of the litter indicated with the size of the circle
Microplastics in the baltic proper
19 984 +- 8858 items/m3 (seawater)
3.3 items/fish
Microplastics in the water of gulf of finland
In 2018 overall conclusions on effect: Despite their widespread detection in field-based studies, polypropylene, polyester and polyamide particles were under represented in laboratory studies
fibers and fragments are the most common form of MPs reported in animals collected from the field
To date, most studies have been conducted on fish; knowledge is needed about the effects of MPs on other groups of organisms, especially invertebrates